addbadsec(1M)						  System Administration Commands					     addbadsec(1M)

NAME

       addbadsec - map out defective disk blocks

SYNOPSIS

       addbadsec [-p] [-a blkno [blkno]...] [-f filename] raw_device

DESCRIPTION

       addbadsec  is  used  by the system administrator to map out bad disk blocks. Normally, these blocks are identified during surface analysis,
       but occasionally the disk subsystem reports unrecoverable data errors indicating a bad block. A block number reported in this  way  can	be
       fed  directly  into  addbadsec,	and the block will be remapped. addbadsec will first attempt hardware remapping. This is supported on SCSI
       drives and takes place at the disk hardware level. If the target is an IDE drive, then software remapping is used. In  order  for  software
       remapping to succeed, the partition must contain an alternate slice and there must be room in this slice to perform the mapping.

       It  should  be  understood  that  bad  blocks lead to data loss. Remapping a defective block does not repair a damaged file. If a bad block
       occurs to a disk-resident file system structure such as a superblock, the entire slice might have to be recovered from a backup.

OPTIONS

       The following options are supported:

       -a    Adds the specified blocks to the hardware or software map. If more than one block number is specified,  the  entire  list	should	be
	     quoted and block numbers should be separated by white space.

       -f    Adds the specified blocks to the hardware or software map. The bad blocks are listed, one per line, in the specified file.

       -p    Causes addbadsec to print the current software map. The output shows the defective block and the assigned alternate. This option can-
	     not be used to print the hardware map.

OPERANDS

       The following operand is supported:

       raw_device    The address of the disk drive (see FILES).

FILES

       The raw device should be /dev/rdsk/c?[t?]d?p0. See disks(1M) for an explanation of SCSI and IDE device naming conventions.

ATTRIBUTES

       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
       |      ATTRIBUTE TYPE	     |	    ATTRIBUTE VALUE	   |
       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
       |Architecture		     |x86			   |
       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
       |Availability		     |SUNWcsu			   |
       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+

SEE ALSO

       disks(1M), diskscan(1M), fdisk(1M), fmthard(1M), format(1M), attributes(5)

NOTES

       The format(1M) utility is available to format, label, analyze, and repair  SCSI	disks.	This  utility  is  included  with  the	addbadsec,
       diskscan(1M),  fdisk(1M),  and  fmthard(1M)  commands  available for x86. To format an IDE disk, use the  DOS "format" utility; however, to
       label, analyze, or repair IDE disks on x86 systems, use the Solaris format(1M) utility.

SunOS 5.11							    24 Feb 1998 						     addbadsec(1M)