NM(1)							       GNU Development Tools							     NM(1)

NAME

       nm - list symbols from object files

SYNOPSIS

       nm [-a|--debug-syms] [-g|--extern-only]
	  [-B] [-C|--demangle[=style]] [-D|--dynamic]
	  [-S|--print-size] [-s|--print-armap]
	  [-A|-o|--print-file-name]
	  [-n|-v|--numeric-sort] [-p|--no-sort]
	  [-r|--reverse-sort] [--size-sort] [-u|--undefined-only]
	  [-t radix|--radix=radix] [-P|--portability]
	  [--target=bfdname] [-fformat|--format=format]
	  [--defined-only] [-l|--line-numbers] [--no-demangle]
	  [-V|--version] [-X 32_64] [--help]  [objfile...]

DESCRIPTION

       GNU nm lists the symbols from object files objfile....  If no object files are listed as arguments, nm assumes the file a.out.

       For each symbol, nm shows:

       o   The symbol value, in the radix selected by options (see below), or hexadecimal by default.

       o   The	symbol	type.  At least the following types are used; others are, as well, depending on the object file format.  If lowercase, the
	   symbol is local; if uppercase, the symbol is global (external).

	   "A" The symbol's value is absolute, and will not be changed by further linking.

	   "B" The symbol is in the uninitialized data section (known as BSS).

	   "C" The symbol is common.  Common symbols are uninitialized data.  When linking, multiple common symbols may appear with the same name.
	       If the symbol is defined anywhere, the common symbols are treated as undefined references.

	   "D" The symbol is in the initialized data section.

	   "G" The  symbol  is	in  an initialized data section for small objects.  Some object file formats permit more efficient access to small
	       data objects, such as a global int variable as opposed to a large global array.

	   "I" The symbol is an indirect reference to another symbol.  This is a GNU extension to the a.out object file  format  which	is  rarely
	       used.

	   "N" The symbol is a debugging symbol.

	   "R" The symbol is in a read only data section.

	   "S" The symbol is in an uninitialized data section for small objects.

	   "T" The symbol is in the text (code) section.

	   "U" The symbol is undefined.

	   "V" The  symbol is a weak object.  When a weak defined symbol is linked with a normal defined symbol, the normal defined symbol is used
	       with no error.  When a weak undefined symbol is linked and the symbol is not defined, the value of the  weak  symbol  becomes  zero
	       with no error.

	   "W" The  symbol  is	a weak symbol that has not been specifically tagged as a weak object symbol.  When a weak defined symbol is linked
	       with a normal defined symbol, the normal defined symbol is used with no error.  When a weak undefined symbol is linked and the sym-
	       bol is not defined, the value of the weak symbol becomes zero with no error.

	   "-" The  symbol  is a stabs symbol in an a.out object file.	In this case, the next values printed are the stabs other field, the stabs
	       desc field, and the stab type.  Stabs symbols are used to hold debugging information.

	   "?" The symbol type is unknown, or object file format specific.

       o   The symbol name.

OPTIONS

       The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are equivalent.

       -A
       -o
       --print-file-name
	   Precede each symbol by the name of the input file (or archive member) in which it was found, rather than  identifying  the  input  file
	   once only, before all of its symbols.

       -a
       --debug-syms
	   Display all symbols, even debugger-only symbols; normally these are not listed.

       -B  The same as --format=bsd (for compatibility with the MIPS nm).

       -C
       --demangle[=style]
	   Decode  (demangle) low-level symbol names into user-level names.  Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, this
	   makes C++ function names readable. Different compilers have different mangling styles. The optional demangling style  argument  can	be
	   used to choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler.

       --no-demangle
	   Do not demangle low-level symbol names.  This is the default.

       -D
       --dynamic
	   Display  the  dynamic  symbols  rather  than the normal symbols.  This is only meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of
	   shared libraries.

       -f format
       --format=format
	   Use the output format format, which can be "bsd", "sysv", or "posix".  The default is "bsd".  Only the first  character  of	format	is
	   significant; it can be either upper or lower case.

       -g
       --extern-only
	   Display only external symbols.

       -l
       --line-numbers
	   For	each  symbol, use debugging information to try to find a filename and line number.  For a defined symbol, look for the line number
	   of the address of the symbol.  For an undefined symbol, look for the line number of a relocation entry which refers to the symbol.	If
	   line number information can be found, print it after the other symbol information.

       -n
       -v
       --numeric-sort
	   Sort symbols numerically by their addresses, rather than alphabetically by their names.

       -p
       --no-sort
	   Do not bother to sort the symbols in any order; print them in the order encountered.

       -P
       --portability
	   Use the POSIX.2 standard output format instead of the default format.  Equivalent to -f posix.

       -S
       --print-size
	   Print size of defined symbols for the "bsd" output format.

       -s
       --print-armap
	   When  listing  symbols from archive members, include the index: a mapping (stored in the archive by ar or ranlib) of which modules con-
	   tain definitions for which names.

       -r
       --reverse-sort
	   Reverse the order of the sort (whether numeric or alphabetic); let the last come first.

       --size-sort
	   Sort symbols by size.  The size is computed as the difference between the value of the symbol and the value of the symbol with the next
	   higher value.  The size of the symbol is printed, rather than the value.

       -t radix
       --radix=radix
	   Use radix as the radix for printing the symbol values.  It must be d for decimal, o for octal, or x for hexadecimal.

       --target=bfdname
	   Specify an object code format other than your system's default format.

       -u
       --undefined-only
	   Display only undefined symbols (those external to each object file).

       --defined-only
	   Display only defined symbols for each object file.

       -V
       --version
	   Show the version number of nm and exit.

       -X  This  option  is  ignored  for  compatibility  with the AIX version of nm.  It takes one parameter which must be the string 32_64.  The
	   default mode of AIX nm corresponds to -X 32, which is not supported by GNU nm.

       --help
	   Show a summary of the options to nm and exit.

SEE ALSO

       ar(1), objdump(1), ranlib(1), and the Info entries for binutils.

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright (c) 1991, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

       Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
       any  later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
       Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".

binutils-2.13.90.0.18						    2003-02-24								     NM(1)