TEE(P)							     POSIX Programmer's Manual							    TEE(P)

NAME

       tee - duplicate standard input

SYNOPSIS

       tee [-ai][file...]

DESCRIPTION

       The tee utility shall copy standard input to standard output, making a copy in zero or more files. The tee utility shall not buffer output.

       If the -a option is not specified, output files shall be written (see File Read, Write, and Creation .

OPTIONS

       The tee utility shall conform to the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines.

       The following options shall be supported:

       -a     Append the output to the files.

       -i     Ignore the SIGINT signal.

OPERANDS

       The following operands shall be supported:

       file   A pathname of an output file. Processing of at least 13 file operands shall be supported.

STDIN

       The standard input can be of any type.

INPUT FILES

       None.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

       The following environment variables shall affect the execution of tee:

       LANG   Provide  a  default  value  for  the  internationalization  variables  that  are	unset or null. (See the Base Definitions volume of
	      IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 8.2, Internationalization Variables for the  precedence  of  internationalization  variables  used	to
	      determine the values of locale categories.)

       LC_ALL If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of all the other internationalization variables.

       LC_CTYPE
	      Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to
	      multi-byte characters in arguments).

       LC_MESSAGES
	      Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format and contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error.

       NLSPATH
	      Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing of LC_MESSAGES .

ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS

       Default, except that if the -i option was specified, SIGINT shall be ignored.

STDOUT

       The standard output shall be a copy of the standard input.

STDERR

       The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages.

OUTPUT FILES

       If any file operands are specified, the standard input shall be copied to each named file.

EXTENDED DESCRIPTION

       None.

EXIT STATUS

       The following exit values shall be returned:

	0     The standard input was successfully copied to all output files.

       >0     An error occurred.

CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS

       If a write to any successfully opened file operand fails, writes to other successfully opened file operands and standard output shall  con-
       tinue, but the exit status shall be non-zero.  Otherwise, the default actions specified in Utility Description Defaults apply.

       The following sections are informative.

APPLICATION USAGE

       The tee utility is usually used in a pipeline, to make a copy of the output of some utility.

       The file operand is technically optional, but tee is no more useful than cat when none is specified.

EXAMPLES

       Save an unsorted intermediate form of the data in a pipeline:

	      ... | tee unsorted | sort > sorted

RATIONALE

       The buffering requirement means that tee is not allowed to use ISO C standard fully buffered or line-buffered writes. It does not mean that
       tee has to do 1-byte reads followed by 1-byte writes.

       It should be noted that early versions of BSD ignore any invalid options and accept a single '-' as an alternative to -i. They also print a
       message if unable to open a file:

	      "tee: cannot access %s
", <pathname>

       Historical implementations ignore write errors. This is explicitly not permitted by this volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001.

       Some  historical  implementations use O_APPEND when providing append mode; others use the lseek() function to seek to the end-of-file after
       opening the file without O_APPEND. This volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 requires functionality equivalent to using O_APPEND; see File  Read,
       Write, and Creation .

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

       None.

SEE ALSO

       Introduction , cat , the System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, lseek()

COPYRIGHT

       Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technol-
       ogy -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
       Electrical  and	Electronics  Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE
       and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard can  be  obtained
       online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .

IEEE
/The Open Group						       2003								    TEE(P)