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Top Forums UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers Segmentation fault (core dumped) Post 14962 by thehoghunter on Friday 8th of February 2002 10:23:13 AM
Old 02-08-2002
You can get a core dump because of many things. It normally is because of environment variables not being correct. I get the following every time I forget to set my term to vt100 -

$ echo $TERM
dtterm
$ vi /etc/motd
dtterm: Unknown terminal type

[Using open mode]
Segmentation Fault(coredump)
$ ls -l core
-rw-r--r-- 1 tghunter sysadmin 562480 Feb 8 10:13 core
$ file core
core: ELF 32-bit MSB core file SPARC Version 1, from 'vi'


As you can see I tried to vi a file but my term was dtterm instead of vt100 (I was doing a telnet to another server). It dumps a core file which can be removed. Programmers will use core files to check their code when they have a problem. Most admins have a cron job to remove core files from the filesystems (but watch out, some applications have files called somethingcore - removing them causes headaches!)

Example of programmers having problems:
Calls to Performance Library routines cause segmentation faults. What could be wrong and what can I do?

You may be experiencing stack overflow in your program. There are two types of stack space that need to be addressed.

First, there is the stack space allocated to a process. This is controlled by the limit command. Try unlimiting your process stack by saying:

% unlimit stacksize
Secondly, if your program is multi-threaded each thread must have its own stack space. This is controlled by the ${STACKSIZE} environment variable. The units are in KB so saying:

% setenv STACKSIZE 4000
sets each thread's stack size to 4 MB. This is the minimum value that Performance Library requires, so make sure that ${STACKSIZE} is set to at least 4000. You may need to increase this value if your program uses large stack based variables.
thehoghunter
 

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core(4) 						     Kernel Interfaces Manual							   core(4)

NAME
core - format of core image file DESCRIPTION
The HP-UX system writes out a file containing a core image of a terminated process when certain signals are received (see signal(5) for the list of reasons). The most common causes are memory violations, illegal instructions, floating point exceptions, bus errors, and user-gen- erated quit signals. The core image file is called and is written in the process's working directory (provided it is allowed by normal access controls). A process with an effective user ID different from its real user ID does not produce a core image. The file contains sufficient information to determine what the process was doing at the time of its termination. Core file contents con- sist of objects that represent different segments of a process. Each object is preceded by a data structure, and each data structure describes the corresponding object following it. The structure is defined in and includes the following members: The space and addr members specify the virtual memory address in the process where the described object began. The len member is the length of the object in bytes. The following possible values for type are defined in Process data as it existed at the time the core image was created. This includes initialized data, uninitialized data, and the heap at the time the core image is generated. A compiler-dependent data structure containing the exec data structure, the magic number of the executable file, and the command (see the declaration of the structure in The version number of the core format produced. This number changes with each HP-UX release where the core format itself has changed. However, it does not neces- sarily change with every HP-UX release. can thus be easily used by core-reading tools to determine whether they are compatible with a given core image. This type is expressed by a four-byte binary integer. The null-terminated version string associated with the kernel at the time the core image was generated. An architecture-dependent data structure containing per-process information such as hardware register contents. See the declaration of the structure in Process stack contents at the time the core image was created. Objects dumped in a image file are not arranged in any particular order. Use information to determine the type of the object that immedi- ately follows it. SEE ALSO
adb(1), coreadm(1M), coreadm(2), setuid(2), crt0(3), end(3C), signal(5). core(4)
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