02-08-2002
See
this post for a explanation of ctime and mtime.
As for creation time, remember that when Ken Thompson wrote unix in 1969 it was revolutionary to have a file system shared by multiple users. The way unix worked back then encouraged people to create a new file and remove the old one if you were updating a file that was accessed by multiple people. Also it was necessary to periodically copy a filesystem to tape and reload the disk to defragment files. These things made a creation date silly.
By the late 70's, unix had more robust filesystems that no longer needed re-orgs and it had file locking system calls. This made creation date a possibility. And indeed HP added it into the first generation of HP-UX. At that time I was a sysadmin of an HP 9000/520 with creation date and an ATT 3B2 without creation date, so I got to see them side by side. Yes, creation date was useful several times a year, but I never really missed it on the 3B2. And creation date expanded both in-core and on-disk inodes by 4 bytes. So it's not like you get it for free. When HP rewrote HP-UX to use the McKusick filesystem, they dropped creation date. No one really complained very loudly.
There is a lot of competition in unix. Any features added to a kernel must pass a cost/benefit test or they will be dropped. The benchmarks enforce this rather strongly. Creation date had its day in court, but I doubt that any unix version still in existence has a creation date.
Microsoft OS's in contrast have little competition and are not written to win benchmarks. That's why they have a poorly thought out selection of features in their kernels.
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SPEED(1SSL) OpenSSL SPEED(1SSL)
NAME
openssl-speed, speed - test library performance
SYNOPSIS
openssl speed [-help] [-engine id] [-elapsed] [-evp algo] [-decrypt] [-rand file...] [-writerand file] [-primes num] [-seconds num]
[-bytes num] [algorithm...]
DESCRIPTION
This command is used to test the performance of cryptographic algorithms. To see the list of supported algorithms, use the list
--digest-commands or list --cipher-commands command. The global CSPRNG is denoted by the rand algorithm name.
OPTIONS
-help
Print out a usage message.
-engine id
Specifying an engine (by its unique id string) will cause speed to attempt to obtain a functional reference to the specified engine,
thus initialising it if needed. The engine will then be set as the default for all available algorithms.
-elapsed
When calculating operations- or bytes-per-second, use wall-clock time instead of CPU user time as divisor. It can be useful when
testing speed of hardware engines.
-evp algo
Use the specified cipher or message digest algorithm via the EVP interface. If algo is an AEAD cipher, then you can pass <-aead> to
benchmark a TLS-like sequence. And if algo is a multi-buffer capable cipher, e.g. aes-128-cbc-hmac-sha1, then -mb will time multi-
buffer operation.
-decrypt
Time the decryption instead of encryption. Affects only the EVP testing.
-rand file...
A file or files containing random data used to seed the random number generator. Multiple files can be specified separated by an OS-
dependent character. The separator is ; for MS-Windows, , for OpenVMS, and : for all others.
[-writerand file]
Writes random data to the specified file upon exit. This can be used with a subsequent -rand flag.
-primes num
Generate a num-prime RSA key and use it to run the benchmarks. This option is only effective if RSA algorithm is specified to test.
-seconds num
Run benchmarks for num seconds.
-bytes num
Run benchmarks on num-byte buffers. Affects ciphers, digests and the CSPRNG.
[zero or more test algorithms]
If any options are given, speed tests those algorithms, otherwise a pre-compiled grand selection is tested.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
Licensed under the OpenSSL license (the "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a
copy in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at <https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
1.1.1a 2018-12-18 SPEED(1SSL)