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date command - getting previous month

 
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Old 06-15-2011
date command - getting previous month
Hi,

On any given day, I want to capture the month that has gone by - said otherwise, how do I capture last month?

expr date '+%m' - 1

Above expression is giving error.

Please advise

thanks

---------- Post updated at 09:28 AM ---------- Previous update was at 09:11 AM ----------

I want to do that in single step. Capturing this month in one variable and doing somehting like 'expr $this_month - 1" is not something desirable for my requirement. Please advise
 
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LEARN ABOUT OPENSOLARIS

langinfo.h

langinfo.h(3HEAD)						      Headers							 langinfo.h(3HEAD)

NAME

       langinfo.h, langinfo - language information constants

SYNOPSIS

       #include <langinfo.h>

DESCRIPTION

       The  <langinfo.h>  header  contains  the constants used to identify items of langinfo data (see nl_langinfo(3C)). The type of the constant,
       nl_item, is defined as described in <nl_types.h>.

       The following constants are defined. The entries under Category indicate in which setlocale(3C) category each item is defined.

		       |		|
	  Constant     |   Category	|		 Meaning
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       CODESET	       |LC_CTYPE	|codeset name
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       D_T_FMT	       |LC_TIME 	|string for formatting date and time
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       D_FMT	       |LC_TIME 	|date format string
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       T_FMT	       |LC_TIME 	|time format string
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       T_FMT_AMPM      |LC_TIME 	|a.m. or p.m. time format string
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       AM_STR	       |LC_TIME 	|ante-meridiem affix
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       PM_STR	       |LC_TIME 	|post-meridiem affix
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       DAY_1	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the first day of the week  (for
		       |		|example, Sunday)
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       DAY_2	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the second day of the week (for
		       |		|example, Monday)
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       DAY_3	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the third day of the week  (for
		       |		|example, Tuesday)
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       DAY_4	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the fourth day of the week (for
		       |		|example, Wednesday)
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       DAY_5	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the fifth day of the week  (for
		       |		|example, Thursday)
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       DAY_6	       |LC_TIME 	|name  of the sixth day of the week (for
		       |		|example, Friday)
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       DAY_7	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the seventh  day  of  the  week
		       |		|(for example, Saturday)
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABDAY_1	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated  name  of	the first day of
		       |		|the week
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABDAY_2	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated name of the second  day  of
		       |		|the week
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------

       ABDAY_3	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated  name  of	the third day of
		       |		|the week
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABDAY_4	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated name of the fourth  day  of
		       |		|the week
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABDAY_5	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated  name  of	the fifth day of
		       |		|the week
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABDAY_6	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated name of the seventh day  of
		       |		|the week
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABDAY_7	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated  name of the seventh day of
		       |		|the week
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       MON_1	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the first month of the year
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       MON_2	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the second month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       MON_3	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the third month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       MON_4	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the fourth month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       MON_5	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the fifth month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       MON_6	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the sixth month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       MON_7	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the seventh month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       MON_8	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the eighth month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       MON_9	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the ninth month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       MON_10	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the tenth month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       MON_11	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the eleventh month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       MON_12	       |LC_TIME 	|name of the twelfth month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABMON_1	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated name of the first month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABMON_2	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated name of the second month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABMON_3	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated name of the third month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABMON_4	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated name of the fourth month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABMON_5	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated name of the fifth month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABMON_6	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated name of the sixth month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABMON_7	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated name of the seventh month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABMON_8	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated name of the eighth month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABMON_9	       |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated name of the ninth month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABMON_10        |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated name of the tenth month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABMON_11        |LC_TIME 	|abbreviated name of the eleventh month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ABMON_12        | LC_TIME	|abbreviated name of the twelfth month
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ERA	       |LC_TIME 	|era description segments
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------

       ERA_D_FMT       |LC_TIME 	|era date format string
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ERA_D_T_FMT     |LC_TIME 	|era date and time format string
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ERA_T_FMT       |LC_TIME 	|era time format string
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       ALT_DIGITS      |LC_TIME 	|alternative symbols for digits
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       RADIXCHAR       |LC_NUMERIC	|radix character
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       THOUSEP	       |LC_NUMERIC	|separator for thousands
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       YESEXPR	       |LC_MESSAGES	|affirmative response expression
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       NOEXPR	       |LC_MESSAGES	|negative response expression
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       YESSTR	       |LC_MESSAGES	|affirmative response for yes/no queries
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       NOSTR	       |LC_MESSAGES	|negative response ro yes/no queries
       ----------------+----------------+----------------------------------------
       CRNCYSTR        |LC_MONETARY	|local currency symbol, preceded by  '-'
		       |		|if  the  symbol sould appear before the
		       |		|value, '+' if the symbol should  appear
		       |		|after	the  value, or '.' if the symbol
		       |		|should replace the radix character

       If the locale's values for p_cs_precedes and n_cs_precedes do not match, the value of nl_langinfo(CRNCYSTR) is unspecified.

       The <langinfo.h> header declares the following as a function:

	 char *nl_langinfo(nl_item);

       Inclusion of <langinfo.h> header may also make visible all symbols from <nl_types.h>.

USAGE

       Wherever possible, users are advised to use functions compatible with those in the ISO C standard to access items of langinfo data. In par-
       ticular, the strftime(3C) function should be used to access date and time information defined in category LC_TIME. The localeconv(3C) func-
       tion should be used to access information corresponding to RADIXCHAR, THOUSEP, and CRNCYSTR.

ATTRIBUTES

       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
       |      ATTRIBUTE TYPE	     |	    ATTRIBUTE VALUE	   |
       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
       |Interface Stability	     |Standard			   |
       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+

SEE ALSO

       mkmsgs(1), localeconv(3C), nl_langinfo(3C), nl_types.h(3HEAD), setlocale(3C), strftime(3C), attributes(5), standards(5)

SunOS 5.11							    30 Aug 2002 						 langinfo.h(3HEAD)