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how i can read vmcore.x (x=0,1,...) file
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kdump-tools.conf(5) Linux System Administrator's Manual kdump-tools.conf(5) NAME
kdump-tools.conf - configuration file for the kdump-tools init script SYNOPSIS
/etc/default/kdump-tools DESCRIPTION
kdump-tools manages the kdump feature of the Linux kernel. The /etc/default/kdump-tools file contains local configuration settings of kdump. This file is sourced into a shell script, so it's format should be consistent with shell scripting. OPTIONS
USE_KDUMP Controls whether or not kdump-tools will take any action. If not set or 0, the kdump-tools init script will not run. KDUMP_SYSCTL Controls when a panic occurs, using the sysctl(8) interface. Each time a kdump kernel is loaded, "sysctl -w $KDUMP_SYSCTL" is also executed, thus allowing the system adiminstrator to maintain customizable conditions for a kdump. The contents of this variable should be the "variable=value ..." portion of the "sysctl -w" command. If not set, "kernel.panic_on_oops=1" will be used. This feature can be disabled by setting KDUMP_SYSCTL=" " See sysctl(8) for more info. KDUMP_KERNEL A full pathname to a kdump kernel (the kernel that is kexec'd at crash time in a reserved memory area, exposing the old kernel's memory for dumping). If not set, kdump-config will use the boot kernel as the kdump kernel if it is relocatable; otherwise you must set KDUMP_KERNEL in order for kdump-tools to work. KDUMP_INITRD A full pathname to the kdump initrd (if used). If KDUMP_KERNEL is set and KDUMP_INITRD is not set, a warning message will be printed, and an initrd will not be used. KDUMP_COREDIR Full path to a directory where the vmcore will be saved. Date stamped subdirectories are created each time a vmcore file is pro- cessed. If not set, /var/crash will be used. KDUMP_FAIL_CMD This variable specifies a command to run if the vmcore save fails. If not set, no special action is taken. DEBUG_KERNEL A debug version of the running kernel. If not set, kdump-config will use /usr/lib/debug/vmlinux-$(uname-r) if it exists. Other- wise, kdump will still work, but the dump will take longer and will be much larger. MAKEDUMP_ARGS Extra arguments passed to makedumpfile(8). If not set, "-c -d 31" will be used. This tells makedumpfile to use compression, and reduce the corefile to in-use kernel pages only. See makedumpfile(8) for details. KDUMP_KEXEC_ARGS Additional arguments to the kexec command used to load the kdump kernel. KDUMP_CMDLINE Normally, the current kernel commandline is obtained from /proc/cmdline. Set this variable to override /proc/cmdline. KDUMP_CMDLINE_APPEND Additional arguments to append to the command line for the kdump kernel. If not set, "irqpoll maxcpus=1 nousb" will be used. USAGE
kdump-tools is as automated as can be at this point but there are some prerequisites to using it. Additionally, some manual configuration is still required. Manual Configuration 1. USE_KDUMP is set to 0 by default. To enable kdump-tools, edit the /etc/default/kdump-tools configuration file and set USE_KDUMP=1. 2. Kernel Command line parameters - the kernel must be booted with a crashkernel= command line parameter. Some example crashkernel parameters: ia64: crashkernel=384M x86: crashkernel=128M x86_64: crashkernel=256M Some users may also want to add nmi_watchdog=1 on certain systems. The nmi watchdog will cause the kernel to panic (and kdump) if a system hang is detected. The kernel command line parameter is generally set in one of these files: /etc/default/grub, /boot/grub/menu.lst, /etc/elilo.conf, or /etc/lilo.conf. If the command line parameter is changed, a reboot is required in order for it to take effect. 3. Architectural considerations A) x86 && PAE && memory > 4 Gigabytes - use KDUMP_KEXEC_ARGS="--elf64-core-headers" B) x86 and x86_64 - Some systems can take advantage of the nmi watchdog. Add nmi_watchdog=1 to the boot commandline to turn on the watchdog. The nmi interrupt will call panic if activated. C) ia64 - Some systems may need KDUMP_KEXEC_ARGS="--noio". Use this if the system hangs after a panic, but before the kdump kernel begins to boot. Prerequisites 1. Boot Kernel Configuration - The boot kernel must be configured with CONFIG_KEXEC=y and, if it is also to be used as the kdump ker- nel, CONFIG_CRASHDUMP=y. For ia64, only makedumpfile level 1 will work if the memory model selected is CONFIG_DISCONTIG. CONFIG_SPARSEMEM is recommended instead. 2. Kdump Kernel Configuration - The kdump kernel must be relocated or relocatable. ia64 is relocatable by default, but x86, x86_64, and powerpc must be built with CONFIG_RELOCATABLE=y. Other architectures may require a predermined start location via CONFIG_PHYSI- CAL_START. If the boot kernel is relocatable, kdump-tools will automatically use that kernel. Otherwise, a relocatable or relo- cated kernel will need to be provided. The kdump kernel can be specified in the /etc/default/kdump-tools file. Set the KDUMP_KER- NEL variable and if necessary the KDUMP_INITRD variable to point to the provided kernel and its initrd. The kdump kernel must be configured with: CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP=y 3. Debug Kernel - An uncompressed debug kernel should be provided in order for makedumpfile to process the vmcore file. Without a debug kernel, the transfer process is reduced to using "makedumpfile -c -d 1". If /usr/lib/debug/vmlinux-$(uname -r) exists, kdump- tools will automatically use that kernel. Otherwise, A) set DEBUG_KERNEL in /etc/default/kdump-tools to point to a debug version of the currently booted kernel or B) do with- out - makedumpfile will still work, but the dumpfile will be larger and take longer to save to disk. EXAMPLES
Also panic and kdump on oom: KDUMP_SYSCTL="kernel.panic_on_oops=1 vm.panic_on_oom=1" Use this option on x86 systems with PAE and more than 4 gig of memory: KDUMP_KEXEC_ARGS="--elf64-core-headers" This option starts a shell if kdump-tools cannot save the vmcore file: KDUMP_FAIL_CMD="/bin/bash; reboot -f" FILES
/etc/init.d/kdump-tools an init script to automatically load a kdump kernel, or save a vmcore and reboot. /etc/default/kdump-tools the kdump-tools configuration file /var/crash/kernel_link a link to the current debug kernel /var/crash/kexec_cmd the last kexec_cmd executed by kdump-config DIAGNOSTICS
See kdump-config(8) for explanations of various error messages. SEE ALSO
/usr/share/doc/kdump-tools/README /usr/share/doc/kdump-tools/README.Debian kdump-config(8), kexec(8), sysctl(8), makedumpfile(8), crash(8), gdb(1), AUTHOR
Terry Loftin <terry.loftin@hp.com> kdump-tools v1.1.3 April 2007 kdump-tools.conf(5)
