Shell Programming and Scripting

It seems that you haven't understood the concept of objects and classes in Perl.

In your original code, the variables $a, $b, $c are lexically scoped to the file containing the package declaration (assuming that nothing else exists in the file).

An object is an instance of a class. Since those variables belong to the class, they are shared/accessible by all the objects of the class as well as the class itself. All associated objects and the class will refer to same copies of the variables.

When you are saying print "$cup->{$a}\n";, you are accessing the hash whose reference (hard) is contained in the variable $cup. This may be a simple reference, not necessarily an object (a blessed reference). Such access also breaks encapsulation of the object; one is supposed to access the object's data only through the class' (or its ancestors') methods and not directly (even if you happen to know the internal data structure).

Your constructor is just creating an empty hash and your initialization method is just assigning to some lexicals which are not part of any object. So, don't expect the print to work at all.

My Advice : Get a good book on Object-oriented Perl and learn the basics!

Thanks..Can you please refer me some good books..