times(2) [sunos man page]

times(2)							   System Calls 							  times(2)

NAME

       times - get process and child process times

SYNOPSIS

       #include <sys/times.h>
       #include <limits.h>

       clock_t times(struct tms *buffer);

DESCRIPTION

       The  times()  function  fills  the  tms	structure  pointed  to	by  buffer with time-accounting information. The tms structure, defined in
       <sys/times.h>, contains the following members:

       clock_t	  tms_utime;
       clock_t	  tms_stime;
       clock_t	  tms_cutime;
       clock_t	  tms_cstime;

       All times are reported in clock ticks. The specific value for a clock tick is defined by the variable CLK_TCK, found in	the  header  <lim-
       its.h>.

       The  times  of  a terminated child process are included in the tms_cutime and tms_cstime members of the parent when wait(3C) or waitpid(3C)
       returns the process ID of this terminated child.  If a child process has not waited for its children, their times will not be  included	in
       its times.

       The tms_utime member is the CPU time used while executing instructions in the user space of the calling process.

       The tms_stime member is the CPU time used by the system on behalf of the calling process.

       The tms_cutime member is the sum of the tms_utime and the tms_cutime of the child processes.

       The tms_cstime member is the sum of the tms_stime and the tms_cstime of the child processes.

RETURN VALUES

       Upon  successful completion, times() returns the elapsed real time, in clock ticks, since an arbitrary point in the past (for example, sys-
       tem start-up time). This point does not change from one invocation of times() within the process to another. The return value may  overflow
       the possible range of type clock_t. If times() fails, (clock_t)-1 is returned and errno is set to indicate the error.

ERRORS

       The times() function will fail if:

       EFAULT	       The buffer argument points to an illegal address.

ATTRIBUTES

       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
       |      ATTRIBUTE TYPE	     |	    ATTRIBUTE VALUE	   |
       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
       |Interface Stability	     |Standard			   |
       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
       |MT-Level		     |Async-Signal-Safe 	   |
       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+

SEE ALSO

       time(1), timex(1), exec(2), fork(2), time(2), waitid(2), wait(3C), waitpid(3C), attributes(5), standards(5)

SunOS 5.10							    14 May 1997 							  times(2)

TIMES(2)						     Linux Programmer's Manual							  TIMES(2)

NAME

       times - get process times

SYNOPSIS

       #include <sys/times.h>

       clock_t times(struct tms *buf);

DESCRIPTION

       The times() function stores the current process times in the struct tms that buf points to.  The struct tms is as defined in <sys/times.h>:

       struct tms {
	      clock_t tms_utime;  /* user time */
	      clock_t tms_stime;  /* system time */
	      clock_t tms_cutime; /* user time of children */
	      clock_t tms_cstime; /* system time of children */
       };

       The  tms_utime  field contains the CPU time spent executing instructions of the calling process.  The tms_stime field contains the CPU time
       spent in the system while executing tasks on behalf of the calling process.  The tms_cutime field contains the sum  of  the  tms_utime  and
       tms_cutime values for all waited-for terminated children.  The tms_cstime field contains the sum of the tms_stime and tms_cstime values for
       all waited-for terminated children.

       Times for terminated children (and their descendants) is added in at the moment wait(2) or waitpid(2) returns their process ID. In particu-
       lar, times of grandchildren that the children did not wait for are never seen.

       All times reported are in clock ticks.

RETURN VALUE

       The  function  times  returns the number of clock ticks that have elapsed since an arbitrary point in the past. For Linux this point is the
       moment the system was booted.  This return value may overflow the possible range of type clock_t.  On error, (clock_t) -1 is returned,  and
       errno is set appropriately.

NOTES

       The number of clock ticks per second can be obtained using
	      sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
       In POSIX-1996 the symbol CLK_TCK (defined in <time.h>) is mentioned as obsolescent. It is obsolete now.

       On  Linux,  if  the  disposition  of  SIGCHLD  is  set  to  SIG_IGN then the times of terminated children are automatically included in the
       tms_cstime and tms_cutime fields, although POSIX 1003.1-2001 says that this should only happen if the calling process wait()s on its  chil-
       dren.

       Note that clock(3) returns values of type clock_t that are not measured in clock ticks but in CLOCKS_PER_SEC.

CONFORMING TO

       SVr4, SVID, POSIX, X/OPEN, BSD 4.3

HISTORICAL NOTES

       SVr1-3  returns	long and the struct members are of type time_t although they store clock ticks, not seconds since the epoch.  V7 used long
       for the struct members, because it had no type time_t yet.

       On older systems the number of clock ticks per second is given by the variable HZ.

SEE ALSO

       time(1), getrusage(2), wait(2), clock(3), sysconf(3)

Linux								    2002-06-14								  TIMES(2)