dirname(3) [php man page]
DIRNAME(3) 1 DIRNAME(3) dirname - Returns parent directory's path SYNOPSIS
string dirname (string $path) DESCRIPTION
Given a string containing the path of a file or directory, this function will return the parent directory's path. PARAMETERS
o $path - A path. On Windows, both slash ( /) and backslash ( ) are used as directory separator character. In other environments, it is the forward slash ( /). RETURN VALUES
Returns the path of the parent directory. If there are no slashes in $path, a dot (' .') is returned, indicating the current directory. Otherwise, the returned string is $path with any trailing /component removed. CHANGELOG
+--------+-------------------------------+ |Version | | | | | | | Description | | | | +--------+-------------------------------+ | 5.0.0 | | | | | | | dirname(3) is now binary safe | | | | +--------+-------------------------------+ EXAMPLES
Example #1 dirname(3) example <?php echo "1) " . dirname("/etc/passwd") . PHP_EOL; // 1) /etc echo "2) " . dirname("/etc/") . PHP_EOL; // 2) / (or on Windows) echo "3) " . dirname("."); // 3) . ?> NOTES
Note dirname(3) operates naively on the input string, and is not aware of the actual filesystem, or path components such as " ..". Note dirname(3) is locale aware, so for it to see the correct directory name with multibyte character paths, the matching locale must be set using the setlocale(3) function. Note Since PHP 4.3.0, you will often get a slash or a dot back from dirname(3) in situations where the older functionality would have given you the empty string. Check the following change example: <?php //before PHP 4.3.0 dirname('c:/'); // returned '.' //after PHP 4.3.0 dirname('c:/x'); // returns 'c:' dirname('c:/Temp/x'); // returns 'c:/Temp' dirname('/x'); // returns '' ?> SEE ALSO
basename(3), pathinfo(3), realpath(3). PHP Documentation Group DIRNAME(3)
Check Out this Related Man Page
DIRNAME(3) BSD Library Functions Manual DIRNAME(3) NAME
dirname -- extract the directory part of a pathname SYNOPSIS
#include <libgen.h> char * dirname(char *path); char * dirname_r(const char *path, char *dname); DESCRIPTION
The dirname() function is the converse of basename(3); it returns a pointer to the parent directory of the pathname pointed to by path. Any trailing '/' characters are not counted as part of the directory name. If path is a null pointer, the empty string, or contains no '/' char- acters, dirname() returns a pointer to the string ".", signifying the current directory. IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
The dirname() function returns a pointer to internal storage space allocated on the first call that will be overwritten by subsequent calls. dirname_r() is therefore preferred for threaded applications. Other vendor implementations of dirname() may modify the contents of the string passed to dirname(); if portability is desired, this should be taken into account when writing code which calls this function. LEGACY SYNOPSIS
#include <libgen.h> char * dirname(const char *path); In legacy mode, path will not be changed. RETURN VALUES
On successful completion, dirname() returns a pointer to the parent directory of path. If dirname() fails, a null pointer is returned and the global variable errno is set to indicate the error. ERRORS
The following error codes may be set in errno: [ENAMETOOLONG] The path component to be returned was larger than MAXPATHLEN. [ENOMEM] The static buffer used for storing the path in dirname() could not be allocated. SEE ALSO
basename(1), dirname(1), basename(3), compat(5) STANDARDS
The dirname() function conforms to X/Open Portability Guide Issue 4, Version 2 (``XPG4.2''). HISTORY
The dirname() function first appeared in OpenBSD 2.2 and FreeBSD 4.2. The dirname_r() function first appeared in OS X 10.12. AUTHORS
Todd C. Miller BSD
October 12, 2006 BSD