launchd(8) [osx man page]

launchd(8)						    BSD System Manager's Manual 						launchd(8)

NAME

     launchd -- System wide and per-user daemon/agent manager

SYNOPSIS

     launchd [-d] [-D] [-s] [-S SessionType] [-- command [args ...]]

DESCRIPTION

     launchd manages processes, both for the system as a whole and for individual users.  The primary and preferred interface to launchd is via
     the launchctl(1) tool which (among other options) allows the user or administrator to load and unload jobs.  Where possible, it is preferable
     for jobs to launch on demand based on criteria specified in their respective configuration files.

     During boot launchd is invoked by the kernel to run as the first process on the system and to further bootstrap the rest of the system.

     You cannot invoke launchd directly.

ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES

     LAUNCHD_SOCKET
	      This variable is exported when invoking a command via the launchd command line. It informs launchctl how to find the correct launchd
	      to talk to.

NOTES

     In Darwin, the canonical way to launch a daemon is through launchd as opposed to more traditional mechanisms or mechanisms provided in ear-
     lier versions of Mac OS X. These alternate methods should be considered deprecated and not suitable for new projects.

     In the launchd lexicon, a "daemon" is, by definition, a system-wide service of which there is one instance for all clients. An "agent" is a
     service that runs on a per-user basis. Daemons should not attempt to display UI or interact directly with a user's login session. Any and all
     work that involves interacting with a user should be done through agents.

     If you wish your service to run as a certain user, in that user's environment, making it a launchd agent is the ONLY supported means of
     accomplishing this on Mac OS X. In other words, it is not sufficient to perform a setuid(2) to become a user in the truest sense on Mac OS X.

FILES

     ~/Library/LaunchAgents	    Per-user agents provided by the user.
     /Library/LaunchAgents	    Per-user agents provided by the administrator.
     /Library/LaunchDaemons	    System-wide daemons provided by the administrator.
     /System/Library/LaunchAgents   Per-user agents provided by Mac OS X.
     /System/Library/LaunchDaemons  System-wide daemons provided by Mac OS X.

SEE ALSO

     launchctl(1), launchd.plist(5),

Darwin								    1 May, 2009 							    Darwin

SystemStarter(8)					    BSD System Manager's Manual 					  SystemStarter(8)

NAME

     SystemStarter -- Start, stop, and restart system services

SYNOPSIS

     SystemStarter [-gvxdDqn] [action [service]]

DESCRIPTION

     The SystemStarter utility is deprecated.  System services should instead be described by a launchd.plist(5).  See launchd(8) for more
     details.  The launchd utility is available on Mac OS X 10.4 and later.

     In earlier versions of Mac OS X, the SystemStarter utility is used to start, stop, and restart the system services which are described in the
     /Library/StartupItems/ and /System/Library/StartupItems/ paths.

     The optional action argument specifies which action SystemStarter performs on the startup items.  The optional service argument specifies
     which startup items to perform the action on.  If no service is specified, all startup items will be acted on; otherwise, only the item pro-
     viding the service, any items it requires, or any items that depend on it will be acted on.

     During boot SystemStarter is invoked by launchd(8) and is responsible for starting all startup items in an order that satisfies each item's
     requirements.

ACTIONS

     start    start all items, or start the item that provides the specified service and all items providing services it requires.

     stop     stop all items, or stop the item that provides the specified service and all items that depend on it.

     restart  restart all items, or restart the item providing the specified service.

OPTIONS

     -g       (ignored)

     -v       verbose (text mode) startup

     -x       (ignored)

     -r       (ignored)

     -d       print debugging output

     -D       print debugging output and dependencies

     -q       be quiet (disable debugging output)

     -n       don't actually perform action on items (no-run mode)

NOTES

     Unless an explicit call to ConsoleMessage is made, SystemStarter examines the exit status of the startup item scripts to determine the suc-
     cess or failure of the services provided by that script.

FILES

     /Library/StartupItems/	    User-installed startup items.
     /System/Library/StartupItems/  System-provided startup items.

SEE ALSO

     ConsoleMessage(8), launchd(8), launchd.plist(5), rc(8)

HISTORY

     The SystemStarter utility appeared in Darwin 1.0 and was extended in Darwin 6.0 to support partial startup and interprocess communication.
     SystemStarter was deprecated by launchd(8) in Darwin 8.0.

Darwin								  April 12, 2002							    Darwin