ps(1)							      General Commands Manual							     ps(1)

NAME

       ps - report process status

SYNOPSIS

       grplist] proclist] prmgrplist] termlist] uidlist] pset_list]

   UNIX Standard Synopsis
       cmdlist] grplist] gidlist] namelist] format] proclist] prmgrplist] sidlist] termlist] uidlist] uidlist] pset_list]

DESCRIPTION

       prints information about selected processes.  Use options to specify which processes to select and what information to print about them.

       Refer to usergroupname(5) to understand the functionality changes with the Numeric User Group Name feature.

   Process Selection Options
       Use the following options to choose which processes should be selected.

       Note: If an option is used in both the default (standard HP-UX) and UNIX Standard (see standards(5)) environments, the description provided
       here documents the default behavior.  Refer to the section for additional information on UNIX Standard behavior.

	      (none)	     Select those processes associated with the current terminal.

	      (UNIX Standard Only, see
			     standards(5)) Select all processes.  (Synonym for

	      Select all processes except process group leaders and processes not
			     associated with a terminal.

	      (UNIX Standard Only, see
			     standards(5)) Select processes executing a command with a basename given in cmdlist.

	      Select all processes except process group leaders.

	      Select all processes.

	      Select processes whose process group leaders are given in
			     grplist.

	      (UNIX Standard Only, see
			     standards(5)) Select processes whose effective group ID numbers or group names are given in gidlist.  (see usergroup-
			     name(5)).

	      (UNIX Standard Only, see
			     standards(5)) This option is ignored; its presence is allowed for standards compliance.

	      Select processes whose process ID numbers are given in
			     proclist.

	      Select processes belonging to PRM process resource groups whose names
			     or ID numbers are given in prmgrplist.  See DEPENDENCIES.

	      (UNIX Standard Only, see
			     standards(5)) Select processes whose session leaders are given in sidlist.  (Synonym for

	      Select processes associated with the terminals given in
			     termlist.	 Terminal  identifiers	can  be  specified  in one of two forms: the device's file name (such as or if the
			     device's file name starts with just the rest of it (such as If the device's file is in a directory other than or  the
			     terminal identifier must include the name of the directory under that contains the device file (such as

	      Select processes whose real user ID numbers or login names are given in
			     uidlist.  (see usergroupname(5)).

	      (UNIX Standard Only, see
			     standards(5))  Select  processes  whose  real  user  ID numbers or login names are given in uidlist.  (see usergroup-
			     name(5)).

	      Select processes whose processor set ID's are given in
			     pset_list.  This option is supported only if the kernel supports processor sets functionality.

       If any of the or options is specified, the and options are ignored.

       If more than one of and are specified, the least restrictive option takes effect.

       If more than one of the and options are specified, processes will be selected if they match any of the options specified.

       The lists used as arguments to the and options can be specified in one of two forms:

	 o  A list of identifiers separated from one another by a comma.

	 o  A list of identifiers enclosed in quotation marks () and separated from one another by a comma and/or one or more spaces.

   Output Format Options
       Use the following options to control which columns of data are included in the output listing.  The options are cumulative.

	      (none)	     The default columns are: and in that order.

	      Show columns   and in that order.

	      Show columns   and in that order.

	      Show columns   and in that order.

	      (UNIX Standard Only, see
			     standards(5)) Remove columns and replace column with columns and

	      (UNIX Standard Only, see
			     standards(5)) Add columns and after column (or if is not being displayed).

	      Add column     before column / If and are not present, add column before column (Note that displays the  kernel  processor  set  id,
			     where all kernel daemons run, as

			     The option is supported only if the kernel supports processor sets functionality.

	      Add column     (for or (for or immediately before column See the section.

	      (UNIX Standard Only, see
			     standards(5))  format is a comma- or space-separated list of the columns to display, in the order they should be dis-
			     played.  (Valid column names are listed below.)  A column name can optionally be followed by an  equals  sign  and  a
			     string  to use as the heading for that column.  (Any commas or spaces after the equals sign become part of the column
			     heading.  If more columns are desired, they must be specified with additional options.)  The width of the column will
			     be  the  greater  of  the	width of the data to be displayed and the width of the column heading.	If an empty column
			     heading is specified for every heading, no heading line will be printed.  This option overrides options and  if  they
			     are specified, they are ignored.

	      (UNIX Standard Only.)
			     Shows  the process hierarchy.  Each process is displayed under its parent, and the contents of the or column for that
			     process is indented from that of its parent.  Note that this option is expensive in both memory and speed.

	      Shows the command line in extended format.

       The column names and their meanings are given below.  Except where noted, the default heading for each column is the uppercase form of  the
       column name.

	      The memory address of the process, if resident;
			     otherwise, the disk address.

	      The command line given when the process was created.
			     This  column  should  be the last one specified, if it is desired.  Only a subset of the command line is saved by the
			     kernel; as much of the command line will be displayed as is available.  The output in this column may contain spaces.
			     The default heading for this column is if is specified and otherwise.

	      Process scheduling class, see
			     rtsched(1).

	      The command name.
			     The output in this column may contain spaces.  The default heading for this column is if is specified and otherwise.

	      Processor utilization for scheduling.
			     The default heading for this column is

	      Elapsed time of the process.
			     The default heading for this column is

	      Flags (octal and additive) associated with the process:

			     Swapped
			     In core
			     System process
			     Locked in core (e.g., for physical I/O)
			     Being traced by another process
			     Another tracing flag

			     The default heading for this column is

	      The priority of the process as it is stored internally by the kernel.
			     This column is provided for backward compatibility and its use is not encouraged.

	      The group ID number of the effective process owner.

	      The group name of the effective process owner.

	      Nice value; used in priority computation (see
			     nice(1)).	The default heading for this column is

	      The percentage of CPU time used by this process during the last scheduling
			     interval.	The default heading for this column is

	      The process group ID number of the process group to which this process belongs.

	      The process ID number of the process.

	      The process ID number of the parent process.

	      The priority of the process.
			     The meaning of the value depends on the process scheduling class; see above, and rtsched(1).

	      The PRM process resource group ID number.

	      The PRM process resource group name.

	      The group ID number of the real process owner.

	      The group name of the real process owner.

	      The user ID number of the real process owner.

	      The processor set ID on which this process is running.

	      The login name of the real process owner.

	      The session ID number of the session to which this process belongs.

	      The state of the process:

			     Nonexistent
			     Sleeping
			     Waiting
			     Running
			     Intermediate
			     Terminated
			     Stopped
			     Growing

			     The default heading for this column is

	      Starting time of the process.
			     If the elapsed time is greater than 24 hours, the starting date is displayed instead.

	      The size in physical pages of the core image of the process,
			     including	text,  data,  and  stack  space.   Physical page size is defined by in the header file (see sysconf(2) and
			     unistd(5)).

	      The cumulative execution time for the process.

	      The controlling terminal for the process.
			     The default heading for this column is if is specified and otherwise.

	      The user ID number of the effective process owner.

	      The login name of the effective process owner.

	      The size of the process in (virtual) memory in kilobytes (1024 byte units).

	      The event for which the process is waiting or sleeping;
			     if there is none, a hyphen (-) is displayed.

   Notes
       prints the command name and arguments given at the time of the process was created.  If the process changes its arguments while running (by
       writing to its argv array), these changes are not displayed by

       A process that has exited and has a parent, but has not yet been waited for by the parent, is marked (see in exit(2)).

       The  time  printed in the column, and used in computing the value for the column, is the time when the process was forked, the time when it
       was modified by

       To make the output safer to display and easier to read, all control characters in the and columns are displayed as "visible" equivalents in
       the customary control character format,

       The  default  length  of  the  field  is 128 (including the null terminator).  This can be configured by setting in the file.  The value of
       should be between 64 and 1020.  However, when the column is displayed, by default, the length of the field will be 14 characters.   If  the
       environment variable is defined, then the length of the field will be between 64 and 255 characters.

       Under UNIX Standard (see standards(5)) environment, the following behavioral changes occur:

	 o  The column format changes from to [dd-]

	 o  When the and fields are included by default or the or flags are used, the column headings of those fields change to and respectively.

	 o  and will select processes based on session rather than on process group.

	 o  The uid or user column displayed by or will display effective user rather than real user.

	 o  The option will select users based on effective UID rather than real UID.

	 o  The and options, while they are not part of the UNIX Standard, are enabled.

EXTERNAL INFLUENCES

       For information about the UNIX standard environment, see standards(5).

   Environment Variables
       determines the format and contents of date and time strings.  If it is not specified or is null, it defaults to the value of

       If is not specified or is null, it defaults to (see lang(5)).

       If any internationalization variable contains an invalid setting, all internationalization variables default to (see environ(5)).

   International Code Set Support
       Single-byte character code sets are supported.

EXAMPLES

       Generate a full listing of all processes currently running on your machine:

       To see if a certain process exists on the machine, such as the clock daemon, check the far right column for the command name, or try

WARNINGS

       Processes  can  change while is running.  The command displays processes at only a snapshot in time.  Data printed for defunct processes is
       irrelevant.

       If two special files for terminals are located at the same select code, that terminal may be reported  with  either  name.   The  user  can
       select processes with that terminal using either name.

       Users  of must not rely on the exact field widths and spacing of its output, as these will vary depending on the system, the release of HP-
       UX, and the data to be displayed.

       When non-standard options are mixed with standard options, then the behavior may be non-standard.

DEPENDENCIES

   HP Process Resource Manager
       The and options require the optional HP Process Resource Manager (PRM) software to be installed and configured.	 See  prmconfig(1)  for  a
       description of how to configure HP PRM, and prmconf(4) for the definition of "process resource group."

       If HP PRM is not installed and configured and or is specified, a warning message is displayed and (for hyphens (-) are displayed in the and
       columns.

FILES

       Directory of terminal device files

       User ID information

       Internal data structure

SEE ALSO

       kill(1), nice(1), acctcom(1M), exec(2), exit(2), fork(2), sysconf(2), standards(5), unistd(5), usergroupname(5).

       HP Process Resource Manager: prmconfig(1), prmconf(4) in

STANDARDS COMPLIANCE

																	     ps(1)