05-18-2012
ps command
What is the difference between ps -ax and ps -x? I got the meaning here but don't understand it clearly.
-a List information about all processes most frequently requested: all those except process group leaders and processes not associated with a terminal.
-x includes processes not attached to terminals
what are proccess group leaders and processes not associated with a terminal? processes not attached to terminals?
Can please someone explain this to me.
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LEARN ABOUT REDHAT
appschema
APPSCHEMA(5) LAM FILE FORMATS APPSCHEMA(5)
NAME
appschema - LAM application schema format
SYNTAX
#
# comments
#
[<where>] [-np #] [-s <where>] [-wd <dir>] [-x <env>] <program> [<args>]
[<where>] [-np #] [-s <where>] [-wd <dir>] [-x <env>] <program> [<args>]
...
DESCRIPTION
The application schema is an ASCII file containing a description of the programs which constitute an application. It is used by mpirun(1),
MPI_Comm_spawn, and MPI_Comm_spawn_multiple to start an MPI application (the MPI_Info key "file" can be used to specify an app schema to
MPI_Comm_spawn and MPI_Comm_spawn_multiple). All tokens after the program name will be passed as command line arguments to the new pro-
cesses. Ordering of the other elements on the command line is not important.
The meaning of the options is the same as in mpirun(1). Note, however, that if -wd is used in the application schema file, it will over-
ride any -wd value specified on the command line.
For each program line, processes will be created on LAM nodes according to the presence of <where> and the process count option (-np).
only <where> One process is created on each node.
only -np The specified number of processes are scheduled across all LAM nodes/CPUs.
both The specified number of processes are scheduled across the specified nodes/CPUs.
neither One process is created on the local node.
Program Transfer
By default, LAM searches for executable programs on the target node where a particular instantiation will run. If the file system is not
shared, the target nodes are homogeneous, and the program is frequently recompiled, it can be convenient to have LAM transfer the program
from a source node (usually the local node) to each target node. The -s option specifies this behaviour and identifies the single source
node.
EXAMPLE
#
# Example application schema
# Note that it may be necessary to specify the entire pathname for
# "master" and "slave" if you get "File not found" errors from
# mpirun(1).
#
# This schema starts a "master" process on CPU 0 with the argument
# "42.0", and then 10 "slave" processes (that are all sent from the
# local node) scheduled across all available CPUs.
#
c0 master 42.0
C -np 10 -s h slave
SEE ALSO
mpirun(1), MPI_Comm_spawn(2), MPI_Comm_Spawn_multiple(2), MPIL_Spawn(2), introu(1)
LAM 6.5.8 November, 2002 APPSCHEMA(5)