02-22-2001
in bash shell it is something like this....
function function-name {
shell commands...
}
or just
function-name () {
shell commands...
}
#!/bin/bash
test ()
{
echo Hey I am here.
echo Now exiting function.
}
# Note: function must precede call.
# Now, call the function.
test
exit 0
------------------------------
here is another one which process passing arguments...
#!/bin/bash
func2() {
if [ -z $1 ]
# Checks if any params.
then
echo "No parameters passed to function."
return 0
else
echo "Param #1 is $1."
fi
if [ $2 ]
then
echo "Parameter #2 is $2."
fi
}
func2
# Called with no params
echo
func2 first
# Called with one param
echo
func2 first second
# Called with two params
echo
exit 0
----------------------
another important thing used in functions is return statement, which optionally takes an integer argument, which is returned to the calling script as the "exit status" of the function, and this exit status is assigned to the variable $?
I think korn shell also using same method. I am not sure.
[Edited by mib on 02-22-2001 at 02:24 AM]
This User Gave Thanks to mib For This Post:
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exit(1) User Commands exit(1)
NAME
exit, return, goto - shell built-in functions to enable the execution of the shell to advance beyond its sequence of steps
SYNOPSIS
sh
exit [n]
return [n]
csh
exit [ ( expr )]
goto label
ksh
*exit [n]
*return [n]
DESCRIPTION
sh
exit will cause the calling shell or shell script to exit with the exit status specified by n. If n is omitted the exit status is that of
the last command executed (an EOF will also cause the shell to exit.)
return causes a function to exit with the return value specified by n. If n is omitted, the return status is that of the last command exe-
cuted.
csh
exit will cause the calling shell or shell script to exit, either with the value of the status variable or with the value specified by the
expression expr.
The goto built-in uses a specified label as a search string amongst commands. The shell rewinds its input as much as possible and searches
for a line of the form label: possibly preceded by space or tab characters. Execution continues after the indicated line. It is an error to
jump to a label that occurs between a while or for built-in command and its corresponding end.
ksh
exit will cause the calling shell or shell script to exit with the exit status specified by n. The value will be the least significant 8
bits of the specified status. If n is omitted then the exit status is that of the last command executed. When exit occurs when executing
a trap, the last command refers to the command that executed before the trap was invoked. An end-of-file will also cause the shell to exit
except for a shell which has the ignoreeof option (See set below) turned on.
return causes a shell function or '.' script to return to the invoking script with the return status specified by n. The value will be the
least significant 8 bits of the specified status. If n is omitted then the return status is that of the last command executed. If return
is invoked while not in a function or a '.' script, then it is the same as an exit.
On this man page, ksh(1) commands that are preceded by one or two * (asterisks) are treated specially in the following ways:
1. Variable assignment lists preceding the command remain in effect when the command completes.
2. I/O redirections are processed after variable assignments.
3. Errors cause a script that contains them to abort.
4. Words, following a command preceded by ** that are in the format of a variable assignment, are expanded with the same rules as a vari-
able assignment. This means that tilde substitution is performed after the = sign and word splitting and file name generation are not
performed.
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
|Availability |SUNWcsu |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
SEE ALSO
break(1), csh(1), ksh(1), sh(1), attributes(5)
SunOS 5.10 15 Apr 1994 exit(1)