Hello, I'm currently implementing the && function in a shell using C. For example, if we input cmd1 && cmd2, then cmd2 executes only when cmd1 exits successfully. I'm thinking about:
Code:
int main() {
int i;
char **args;
while(1) {
printf("yongfeng's shell:~$ ");
args = get_line();
if (strcmp(args[0], "exit") == 0) exit(0); /* if it's built-in command exit, exit the shell */
if('&&') parse_out_two_commands: cmd1, cmd2;
if (execute(cmd1) != -1) /* if cmd1 successfully executed */
execute(cmd2); /* then execute the second cmd */
}
}
int execute(char **args){
int pid;
int status; /* location to store the termination status of the terminated process */
char **cmd; /* pure command without special charactors */
if(pid=fork() < 0){ //fork a child process, if pid<0, fork fails
perror("Error: forking failed");
return -1;
}
/* child */
else if(pid==0){ /* child process, in which command is going to be executed */
cmd = parse_out(args);
/* codes handleing I/O redirection */
if(execvp(*cmd, cmd) < 0){ /* execute command */
perror("execution error");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
/* parent */
else{ /* parent process is going to wait for child or not, depends on whether there's '&' at the end of the command */
if(strcmp(args[sizeof(args)],'&') == 0){
/* handle signals */
}
else if (pid = waitpid(pid, &status, 0) == -1) perror("wait error");
}
}
So I'm using another function int execute(char ** args) to do the actual work. Its return type is int because I wan to know whether the command exits successfully. But I'm not sure here whether the parent process can get the return value from the child since they're two different processes.
Or should I decide whether to execute the second command in the child process, by forking another process to run it? Thanks a lot.
Hello, I'm currently implementing the && function in a shell using C. For example, if we input cmd1 && cmd2, then cmd2 executes only when cmd1 exits successfully. I'm thinking about:
Code:
int main() {
int i;
char **args;
while(1) {
printf("yongfeng's shell:~$ ");
args = get_line();
if (strcmp(args[0], "exit") == 0) exit(0); /* if it's built-in command exit, exit the shell */
if('&&') parse_out_two_commands: cmd1, cmd2;
if (execute(cmd1) != -1) /* if cmd1 successfully executed */
execute(cmd2); /* then execute the second cmd */
}
}
int execute(char **args){
int pid;
int status; /* location to store the termination status of the terminated process */
char **cmd; /* pure command without special charactors */
if(pid=fork() < 0){ //fork a child process, if pid<0, fork fails
perror("Error: forking failed");
return -1;
}
/* child */
else if(pid==0){ /* child process, in which command is going to be executed */
cmd = parse_out(args);
/* codes handleing I/O redirection */
if(execvp(*cmd, cmd) < 0){ /* execute command */
perror("execution error");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
/* parent */
else{ /* parent process is going to wait for child or not, depends on whether there's '&' at the end of the command */
if(strcmp(args[sizeof(args)],'&') == 0){
/* handle signals */
}
else if (pid = waitpid(pid, &status, 0) == -1) perror("wait error");
}
}
So I'm using another function int execute(char ** args) to do the actual work. Its return type is int because I wan to know whether the command exits successfully. But I'm not sure here whether the parent process can get the return value from the child since they're two different processes.
Or should I decide whether to execute the second command in the child process, by forking another process to run it? Thanks a lot.
If this isn't homework, please tell us what book you're using as a study guide.
This is a very strange mix of pseudo-code and real code. I can't tell by reading it which parts you think are complete and which parts are placeholders for future work. It is, however, clear that this code will not compile.
The first thing you need to do is be sure you #include all of the headers needed for the standard functions you're using.
Then, concerning your question about getting the exit status of a child:
The code:
is strange. Please look at the execvp() (or exec) man page again. There is no return from a successful call to execvp().
Then look at the waitpid() man page. You should see that waitpid(), as you are using it, saves the exit status of the child into the variable status. The way you have your code written:
Hello Don, thanks so much for your reply. I'm using Advanced Programming in the Unix Environment and Modern Operating Systems as my reference.
As for the question, I just want the parent to get the command execution result(successful or not) from the child, because I want to do &&(conditional execution). If execvp successfully executes in the child, how does the parent know it because it does not return any value. Thanks.
The first and second command in an && chain aren't parent/child as much as siblings. The parent controlling them gets the value, and can tell whether to launch the next one.
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