TOPS(1) General Commands Manual TOPS(1)
NAME
tops - perform in-place substitutions on code.
SYNOPSIS
tops [-help] [-verbose] [-nocontext] [-nofileinfo] [-semiverbose)] [-dont] (-scriptfile script_name) | (find "search_pattern" [where ("sym-
bol"...) isOneOf {("match"...)...}] ...) | (replace "search_pattern" with "replacement_pattern" | same [where ("symbol"...) isOneOf
{("match"...)...}]... [within ("symbol") {...}]... [error "message"] [warning "message"]) | ( replacemethod "selector" with "new_selector"{
[replace "symbol" with "symbol_replacement"]... } [where ("symbol"...) isOneOf {("match" ...)...}]... [within ("symbol") {...}]... [error
"message"] [warning "message"] ) [-classfile classfile] [filename ...]
DESCRIPTION
tops is a tool that performs in-place substitutions on source files according to a set of rules. Each tops rule describes a particular
translation. For example, one tops rule might specify that occurrences of the token 'Application' should be converted to 'NSApplication'.
In tops syntax, this rule will appear as:
replace "Application" with "NSApplication"
OPTIONS
-help Displays the tops syntax line.
-verbose
Prints out the source code lines that are being changed by the command.
-nocontext
Instead of printing the whole source code line that is being changed or searched for, shows only the portion of the line that has
the change.
-nofileinfo
Does not print the file name and line number information in verbose messages.
-semiverbose
Shows how much of the file has been processed.
-dont Shows what changes would be made to the source code without actually performing the changes.
-scriptfile script_name
Specifies the script file containing the rules that tops will apply to your code. The script file can contain three types of rules:
find, replace, and replacemethod. It also can contain C-style comments, /* ... */.
find "search_pattern"
Locates all occurrences of search_pattern in the file. search_pattern can contain literal strings and tokens in angle brackets, as
described below.
where ("symbol"...) isOneOf {("match"...)...}
When search_pattern contains tokens in angle brackets, further refines what the token specified by symbol should match.
replace "search_pattern" with "replacement_pattern" | same
Replaces all occurrences of search_pattern in the file with replacement_pattern. same replaces search_pattern with itself. You usu-
ally use same when you want to print out an error or warning message instead of replacing the code.
within ("symbol") {...}
Specifies further conversions within one of the tokens specified in search_pattern. find, replace, and replacemethod rules can
appear within the angle brackets.
error "message"
Generates an #error message located at search_pattern.
warning "message"
Generates a #warning message located at search_pattern.
replacemethod "selector" with "new_selector"
Replaces all invocations, declarations, implementations, and @selector expressions using the method selector with new_selector.
-classfile classfile
Specifies a file that describes the class hierarchy used by the files being processed.
filename ...
Specifies the source file(s) you want to convert. You can specify more than one filename, separated by spaces. The files are con-
verted in place; no backups are created. If no file is specified, the tops commands are performed on standard input.
The simplest search pattern is a literal string, such as "Application". Within the search pattern, you can define tokens that specify a
particular syntax element rather than a literal string. The tokens have the form:
<type label>
where:
type Specifies the type of syntax element the token can match with.
label Is a unique label that you assign to the token.
type can be one of the following:
a Matches any sequence of tokens.
b Matches any balanced sequence of tokens, that is, a sequence of tokens within parentheses or curly braces.
e Matches any expression. This is the default.
s Matches any string.
t Matches any one token.
w Matches white space, including comments.
In a replacemethod rule, three subtokens are defined for each token you specify in the selector. For each token <foo> in the selector,
replacemethod defines the following. The Examples section shows an example of using one of these.
<foo_arg>
Represents the tokens in the invocation of the method, that is, what is supplied for the foo argument.
<foo_type>
Represents the type for foo that appears in the declaration.
<foo_param>
Represents the parameter in the declaration.
replacemethod also defines the following labels:
<implementation>
Represents the body of the method implementation (not including curly braces).
<receiver>
Represents the receiver of the message.
<call> Represents the entire method invocation (including the square brackets).
EXAMPLES
The following is a typical tops command invocation. The script file MyRules.tops contains the find, replace, and replacemethod rules that
are performed on the files in MyProjectDir. The -semiverbose option means that name of the file being processed and the progress of the
command will be printed to standard output.
tops -semiverbose -scriptfile MyRules.tops MyProjectDir/*.[hm]
The following is a typical rule that a tops script file would contain. The rule renames the method removeRowAt:andFree: to
removeRow:andRelease: in all invocations, declarations, implementations, and @selector expressions.
replacemethod "removeRowAt:andFree:" with "removeRow:andRelease:"
The following rule marks all calls to the function NXGetNamedObject() with the error message. same means replace this function with itself.
NXGetNamedObject() will still appear in the file, but it will be marked by the error message. <b args> specifies to replace all of the
arguments in between the parentheses as well.
replace "NXGetNamedObject(<b args>)" with same
error "ApplicationConversion: NXGetNamedObject() is obsolete. Replace with nib file outlets."
The following rule renames the method in all occurrences, and swaps the second and third argument in all invocations and declarations.
replacemethod "browser:fillMatrix:<2>inColumn:<3>" with "browser:createRowsForColumn:<3>inMatrix:<2>"
The following rule renames the method in all occurrences. In the invocations, it reverses the value specified for the flag argument.
replacemethod "myMethod:<flag>" with "myNewMethod:<flag>"
{ replace "<flag_arg>" with "!<flag_arg>" }
The following rule renames the method initContent:style:backing:buttonMask:defer: to initWithContentRect:styleMask:backing:defer: in all
occurrences. In the declarations of this method, it changes the type for the style argument to be unsigned int and the type for the backing
argument to be NSBackingStoreType.
replacemethod "<old>" with "<new>" {
replace "<style_type>" with "(unsigned int)"
replace "<backing_type>" with "(NSBackingStoreType)"
}
where ("<old>", "<new>") isOneOf { ("initContent:style:<style> backing:<backing> buttonMask:<bmask> defer:<flag>",
"initWithContentRect:styleMask:<style> backing:<backing> defer:<flag>"),
}
The following rule renames the method minFrameWidth:forStyle:buttonMask: to minFrameWidthWithTitle:styleMask: in all occurrences. Within
invocations of this method, it changes the style argument to be the logical OR of the previous style argument and the previous button mask
argument. Within method declarations, it changes the type for the style argument to be unsigned int. Within the implementation of this
method, it changes all uses of the button mask argument to the style argument.
replacemethod "minFrameWidth:forStyle:<style> buttonMask:<bmask>" with "minFrameWidthWithTitle:styleMask:<style>" {
replace "<style_arg>" with "<style_arg>|<bmask_arg>"
replace "<style_type>" with "(unsigned int)"
}
within ("<implementation") { replace "<bmask_param>" "<style_param>"
}
Apple Computer, Inc. March 14, 1995 TOPS(1)