awk permutations and combinations


 
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# 1  
Old 02-01-2017
awk permutations and combinations

hello,

I'm reading this thread, in which there is this code :
Code:
awk '
function comb(v,i) {
    for(i in A) {
      delete A[i];
      if(length(A))
         comb((v?v"+":x)i)
      else print v"+"i
      A[i];
    }
}
{ A[$0] }
END {
   comb();
} ' infile

but I can't understand where does v come from, how it gets assigned...
# 2  
Old 02-01-2017
In awk, function "parameters" that are not used by the caller are considered local. man awk:
Quote:
Extra arguments serve as local variables and are initialized to null.
# 3  
Old 02-01-2017
ok, this doesn't appear in gawk's man, but it does in mawk's

thank you
# 4  
Old 02-01-2017
Sure? man gawk:
Quote:
Since functions were not originally part of the AWK language, the provision for local variables is rather clumsy: They are declared as extra parameters in the parameter list.
# 5  
Old 02-01-2017
As RudiC said, variables that aren't supplied as arguments when an awk function is called are local variables and are initialized to 0 (if used as a number) or to an empty string (if used as a string). Variables that are supplied as arguments when a function is called are still local variables to that function but are initialized from the value supplied.

The unusual thing about the comb() function in this code is that it is called recursively and neither argument is specified the first time it is called (in the END clause), but passes itself a value for the 1st argument (but not the 2nd) when it calls itself recursively. Although there is never an assignment to the variable v in that script, the recursive calls to comb() made by comb() effectively assign a value to v by passing in a value for one argument that is based on the value passed in plus one element in the array created by reading values from the file named infile.
This User Gave Thanks to Don Cragun For This Post:
# 6  
Old 02-01-2017
/Perhaps for a little more clarity, I should have passed a blank string into comb() from the END clause:

Code:
awk '
function comb(v,i) {
    for(i in A) {
      delete A[i];
      if(length(A))
         comb((v ? v "+" : "") i)
      else print v "+" i
      A[i];
    }
}
{ A[$0] }
END { comb("") } ' infile


Last edited by Don Cragun; 02-01-2017 at 10:41 PM.. Reason: Fix ICODE tags.
These 3 Users Gave Thanks to Chubler_XL For This Post:
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