Code:
$ cat tst2
abc,def,data, data,0011234567890, data,data
abc,def,data, data,00112345678901, data,data
abc,def,data, data,001123456789, data,data
abc,def,data, data,001123456789x, data,data
abc,def,data, data,0021234567890, data,data
$ awk -F, -v c=001 '$5~"^"c"[0-9]{10}"' tst2
$ awk -F, -v c=001 '$5~"^"c"..........$"' tst2
abc,def,data, data,0011234567890, data,data
abc,def,data, data,001123456789x, data,data
$ uname -a
Linux <anonymized> 2.6.38-8-generic #42-Ubuntu SMP Mon Apr 11 03:31:50 UTC 2011 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux