xcrun(1) [osx man page]

xcrun
     xcrun -- run or locate development tools

SYNOPSIS

     xcrun [-sdk SDK] -find <tool_name>

     xcrun [-sdk SDK] [-log] <tool_name> [<tool_arguments>]

     <tool_name> [<tool_arguments>]

DESCRIPTION

     xcrun provides a means locate or invoke coexistence- and platform-aware developer tools from the command-line, without requiring users to
     modify makefiles or otherwise take laborious or inconvenient measures to adopt Xcode's multiple tool chains.

     xcode-select is used to specify which installation of Xcode is used, and may be overridden by the DEVELOPER_DIR environment variable.

     The SDK defaults to the current OS SDK, and can be specified by SDKROOT environment variable or the -sdk flag (which takes precedences over
     SDKROOT).

USAGE

     The first usage returns the full path to the found tool_name.

     The second usage executes tool_name with the given tool_arguments.

     The last syntax is when xcrun replaces any of the standard UNIX developer tools (typically in /usr/bin).  In this case, xcrun will use its
     tool name to locate the corresponding tool within evaluated DEVELOPER_DIR and SDK.

     If the tool is not named xcrun , tool_arguments are not parsed by xcrun.

OPTIONS

     -verbose
	   display information about how the redirected path is constructed.

     -no-cache
	   don't consult the cache when looking up values.  In effect, causes the cache to be refreshed.

     -sdk SDK
	   specifies which SDK to use.	Overrides any SDKROOT set in the environment.

     -log  print the full command line that is invoked.

     -find
	   print the full path to the tool.

ENVIRONMENT

     DEVELOPER_DIR - specifies the search path for locating the current developer tools (overrides xcode-select default).

     SDKROOT - specifies the SDK to use; overriden by the command line -sdk flag.

     xcrun_log - same as specifying -log

     xcrun_nocache - same as specifying -no-cache

     xcrun_verbose - same as specifying -verbose

DIAGNOSTICS

     When xcrun is invoked with the name xcrun , the flags -log and -verbose are useful debugging aids.  The flag -no-cache can be used to bypass
     cache lookup.

     When xcrun as taken the place of another tool, the arguments are those of the tool replaced, and the various xcrun flags can't be used.  In
     this case, use the specific environment variables instead.

SEE ALSO

     xcodebuild -find Xcode coexistence

OPEN(1) 						    BSD General Commands Manual 						   OPEN(1)

NAME

     open -- open files and directories

SYNOPSIS

     open [-e] [-t] [-f] [-F] [-W] [-R] [-n] [-g] [-j] [-h] [-s sdk] [-b bundle_identifier] [-a application] file ... [--args arg1 ...]

DESCRIPTION

     The open command opens a file (or a directory or URL), just as if you had double-clicked the file's icon. If no application name is speci-
     fied, the default application as determined via LaunchServices is used to open the specified files.

     If the file is in the form of a URL, the file will be opened as a URL.

     You can specify one or more file names (or pathnames), which are interpreted relative to the shell or Terminal window's current working
     directory. For example, the following command would open all Word files in the current working directory:

     open *.doc

     Opened applications inherit environment variables just as if you had launched the application directly through its full path.  This behavior
     was also present in Tiger.

     The options are as follows:

     -a application
	 Specifies the application to use for opening the file

     -b bundle_indentifier
	 Specifies the bundle identifier for the application to use when opening the file

     -e  Causes the file to be opened with /Applications/TextEdit

     -t  Causes the file to be opened with the default text editor, as determined via LaunchServices

     -f  Reads input from standard input and opens the results in the default text editor.  End input by sending EOF character (type Control-D).
	 Also useful for piping output to open and having it open in the default text editor.

     -F  Opens the application "fresh," that is, without restoring windows. Saved persistent state is lost, except for Untitled documents.

     -W  Causes open to wait until the applications it opens (or that were already open) have exited.  Use with the -n flag to allow open to func-
	 tion as an appropriate app for the $EDITOR environment variable.

     -R  Reveals the file(s) in the Finder instead of opening them.

     -n  Open a new instance of the application(s) even if one is already running.

     -g  Do not bring the application to the foreground.

     -j  Launches the app hidden.

     -h  Searches header locations for a header whose name matches the given string and then opens it.	Pass a full header name (such as NSView.h)
	 for increased performance.

     -s  For -h, partial or full SDK name to use; if supplied, only SDKs whose names contain the argument value are searched. Otherwise the high-
	 est versioned SDK in each platform is used.

     --args
	 All remaining arguments are passed to the opened application in the argv parameter to main().	These arguments are not opened or inter-
	 preted by the open tool.

EXAMPLES

     "open '/Volumes/Macintosh HD/foo.txt'" opens the document in the default application for its type (as determined by LaunchServices).

     "open '/Volumes/Macintosh HD/Applications/'" opens that directory in the Finder.

     "open -a /Applications/TextEdit.app '/Volumes/Macintosh HD/foo.txt'" opens the document in the application specified (in this case, TextE-
     dit).

     "open -b com.apple.TextEdit '/Volumes/Macintosh HD/foo.txt'" opens the document in the application specified (in this case, TextEdit).

     "open -e '/Volumes/Macintosh HD/foo.txt'" opens the document in TextEdit.

     "ls | open -f" writes the output of the 'ls' command to a file in /tmp and opens the file in the default text editor (as determined by
     LaunchServices).

     "open http://www.apple.com/" opens the URL in the default browser.

     "open 'file://localhost/Volumes/Macintosh HD/foo.txt'" opens the document in the default application for its type (as determined by Launch-
     Services).

     "open 'file://localhost/Volumes/Macintosh HD/Applications/'" opens that directory in the Finder.

     "open -h NSView" lists headers whose names contain NSView and allows you to choose which ones to open.

     "open -h NSView.h" immediately opens NSView.h.

     "open -h NSView -s OSX10.12" lists headers whose names contain NSView in the MacOSX 10.12 SDK and allows you to choose which ones to open.

HISTORY

     First appeared in NextStep.

macOS								  April 14, 2017							     macOS