I am not sure that these are homework questions. Assigning homework involving real terminals seems unlikely today because real terminals are disappearing fast. On the other hand, all of mobile01's posts seem to relate to writing a shell. This does sound like a large project for some class and I becoming concerned that all of his or her posts represent a rule violation. But these particular questions sound like it came from some older info. Real terminals are very old devices and it is not easy to find info about them, so I will post a few answers. But I will leave the thread closed.
Q1. A terminal is a device that can display characters to a user and almost always has a keyboard which the user can use to input characters. On
this page is a photo of a VT-320 which is a member of DEC's VT-100 family. Not all terminals use a CRT. Some terminal use a printer to print the characters.
This page shows an ASR-33 which is the first terminal that I ever used. A terminal can be directly connected to an RS-232 port on a computer and you can use it to login. Many computers expect such a connection to be used for a system console. Terminals are starting to be a rare device. They cost almost as much as a low end PC. So most people will buy a low end PC and use hyper-terminal or some other terminal emulator.
But let's say that you are using a terminal and you are logged in to a Unix system. The tty device driver is used to communicate to the terminal. The tty device driver can do stuff like turn the echoing of characters on and off. A program like passwd uses this to hide the password as it is typed. So the passwd program needs to be able to talk to a terminal device driver. But now you telnet to another system. How can you run passwd now since you are not connected to terminal? Well the telnetd program will allocate a psuedo-termiinal for you. The psuedo-terminal has a device driver that can do many of the things that a real terminal device driver can do. So the remote passwd program can still hide the password as it is typed.
Q2 A terminal login is accomplished via a real terminal using a serial port. A network login is accomplished via a network using a program like telnet. In the old days, Unix was licensed by user and the theory was that every user would have a terminal. The user's terminal would connect before the user could start doing anything. This first connection would be a terminal login and you count it toward the license. But then the user might telnet to another box. This would not be counted since the user already had consumed a per-user license on the first box. There is no way to enforce this type of licensing today since most people connect via a network from a desktop workstation.
Q3 The baud rate only applies to real terminals and it is the rate at which data travels between the computer and the terminal 9600 is a common baud rate for terminals and since 10 bits are needed for each character, this means 960 characters per second. You can set the baud rate on a psuedo-tty buy it has no effect.
Q4 I do not understand this question. But tty drivers (both real and psuedo) have some structures allocated to control the terminal and some of these are used for job control. The structure is allocated in kernal memory. You can do a command:
stty -a
to display this data. For a hint on how to access these structures via C see
this thread.
