unexpand(1) [hpux man page]
expand(1) General Commands Manual expand(1) NAME
expand, unexpand - expand tabs to spaces, and vice versa SYNOPSIS
tablist] [file ...] tablist] [file ...] Obsolescent: tabstop] tabn] [file ...] DESCRIPTION
processes the named files or the standard input and writes to the standard output with tabs changed into spaces. Backspace characters are preserved in the output, and the column count is decreased by one column for tab calculations. For proper tab calculation, if a multi-col- umn character is to be "backspace'd", it should be followed by multiple backspace characters which equal to it's column width. If a tab character is found after the last tab position, it is replaced by a single space. is useful for preprocessing character files that contain tabs (before sorting, looking at specific columns, etc). recognizes the following command-line options and arguments: tablist specifies where to set the tab positions instead of the default tablist can take two forms. If it is a single num- ber, tabs are set tablist spaces apart. tablist can also be a blank- or comma-separated list of increasing positions where tabs are to be set. This option is obsolescent and is equivalent to using This option is obsolescent and is equivalent to using processes the named files or the standard input and writes to the standard output with spaces changed into tabs where possible. By default, only leading spaces and tabs are converted to maximal strings of tabs. The default tab position is every 8 characters. Backspace characters are preserved into the output, and the column count is decreased by one column for tab calculations. For proper tab calcula- tion, if a multi-column character is to be "backspace'd", it should be followed by multiple backspace characters which equal to it's column width. recognizes the following command-line options and arguments: Tabs are inserted whenever they would compress the resultant file by replacing two or more spaces before a tab position. tablist specifies the tab positions. tablist can take two forms. If it is a single number, tabs are set every tablist spa- ces apart. If tablist is a blank- or comma-separated list of increasing positions, tabs are set at those locations. The option implies the option. If the option is not specified, the default is equivalent to specifying except that is not implied for this case. EXTERNAL INFLUENCES
Environment Variables determines the interpretation of text as single and/or multi-byte characters. determines the language in which messages are displayed. If or is not specified in the environment or is set to the empty string, the value of is used as a default for each unspecified or empty variable. If is not specified or is set to the empty string, a default of "C" (see lang(5)) is used instead of If any internationalization variable contains an invalid setting, and behave as if all internationalization variables are set to "C". See environ(5). If is set to a non-empty string value, it overrides the values of all the other internationalization variables. International Code Set Support Single- and multi-byte character code sets are supported with the exception that do not recognize multi-byte alternative space characters. STANDARDS CONFORMANCE
expand(1)
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expand(1) General Commands Manual expand(1) NAME
expand, unexpand - Replaces tab characters with spaces or spaces with tab characters SYNOPSIS
Current syntax expand [-t tablist] [file...] unexpand [-a | -t tablist] [file...] Obsolescent syntax expand [-tabstop | -tab1,tab2,...,tabn] [file...] STANDARDS
Interfaces documented on this reference page conform to industry standards as follows: expand: XCU5.0 unexpand: XCU5.0 Refer to the standards(5) reference page for more information about industry standards and associated tags. OPTIONS
Replaces spaces at the beginning of each line with a tab, and inserts tab characters wherever their presence compresses the resultant file by replacing two or more characters. When the -t option is specified with the unexpand command, the -a option has no effect. (This option applies to the unexpand command only.) Specifies the tab stops. The tablist argument consists of a single positive decimal integer or multiple positive decimal integers, separated by spaces or commas, in ascending order. If a single number is specified, tabs are set tab- list column positions apart instead of the default (8). If multiple numbers are specified, tabs are set at those specific column posi- tions. Tabbing to tab stop position n thus causes the next character output to be in the (n+1)th column position on that line. If expand has to process a tab character at a position beyond the last of those specified in a multiple tab stop list, the tab char- acter is replaced by a single space in the output. Sets tab stops tabstop spaces apart instead of the default (8). (Obsolescent) Sets tab stops at specified columns. (Obsolescent) [Tru64 UNIX] Columns are measured in bytes. OPERANDS
The path name of a file to be processed. If you do not specify this operand, standard input is read. DESCRIPTION
The expand command changes tab characters to spaces in the named files, or the standard input, and writes the result to the standard out- put. The unexpand command puts tab characters into the data from the standard input, or the named files, and writes the result to the standard output. Backspace characters are preserved in the output and decrement the column count for tab calculations. The column position count cannot be decremented below one. The expand command is useful for preprocessing character files (before sorting, looking at specific columns, and so on.) that contain tab characters. By default, unexpand converts only spaces that are within sequences of spaces and tab characters at the beginnings of lines. Use -a to convert other sequences of spaces. NOTES
If the expand command encounters difficulties opening any specified file, it writes an error message to standard error and terminates imme- diately with an error status. If the unexpand command encounters difficulties opening any specified file, it writes an error message to standard error and continues operation. The exit status will reflect the error. EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned by either command: Successful completion. An error occurred. EXAMPLES
To replace tab characters in file with spaces, enter: expand file To replace the spaces in file with tab characters, enter: unexpand -a file ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
The following environment variables affect the execution of expand and unexpand: Provides a default value for the internationalization variables that are unset or null. If LANG is unset or null, the corresponding value from the default locale is used. If any of the inter- nationalization variables contain an invalid setting, the utility behaves as if none of the variables had been defined. If set to a non- empty string value, overrides the values of all the other internationalization variables. Determines the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to multibyte characters in arguments). Determines the locale for the format and contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error. Determines the location of message catalogues for the processing of LC_MESSAGES. SEE ALSO
Commands: fold(1), tabs(1) Standards: standards(5) expand(1)