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nvlist_next(3) [freebsd man page]

NV(3)							   BSD Library Functions Manual 						     NV(3)

NAME
nvlist_create, nvlist_destroy, nvlist_error, nvlist_empty, nvlist_exists, nvlist_free, nvlist_clone, nvlist_dump, nvlist_fdump, nvlist_size, nvlist_pack, nvlist_unpack, nvlist_send, nvlist_recv, nvlist_xfer, nvlist_next, nvlist_add, nvlist_move, nvlist_get, nvlist_take -- library for name/value pairs LIBRARY
library ``libnv'' SYNOPSIS
#include <nv.h> nvlist_t * nvlist_create(int flags); void nvlist_destroy(nvlist_t *nvl); int nvlist_error(const nvlist_t *nvl); bool nvlist_empty(const nvlist_t *nvl); nvlist_t * nvlist_clone(const nvlist_t *nvl); void nvlist_dump(const nvlist_t *nvl, int fd); void nvlist_fdump(const nvlist_t *nvl, FILE *fp); size_t nvlist_size(const nvlist_t *nvl); void * nvlist_pack(const nvlist_t *nvl, size_t *sizep); nvlist_t * nvlist_unpack(const void *buf, size_t size); int nvlist_send(int sock, const nvlist_t *nvl); nvlist_t * nvlist_recv(int sock); nvlist_t * nvlist_xfer(int sock, nvlist_t *nvl); const char * nvlist_next(const nvlist_t *nvl, int *typep, void **cookiep); bool nvlist_exists(const nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); bool nvlist_exists_type(const nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, int type); bool nvlist_exists_null(const nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); bool nvlist_exists_bool(const nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); bool nvlist_exists_number(const nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); bool nvlist_exists_string(const nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); bool nvlist_exists_nvlist(const nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); bool nvlist_exists_descriptor(const nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); bool nvlist_exists_binary(const nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); void nvlist_add_null(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); void nvlist_add_bool(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, bool value); void nvlist_add_number(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, uint64_t value); void nvlist_add_string(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, const char *value); void nvlist_add_stringf(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, const char *valuefmt, ...); void nvlist_add_stringv(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, const char *valuefmt, va_list valueap); void nvlist_add_nvlist(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, const nvlist_t *value); void nvlist_add_descriptor(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, int value); void nvlist_add_binary(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, const void *value, size_t size); void nvlist_move_string(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, char *value); void nvlist_move_nvlist(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, nvlist_t *value); void nvlist_move_descriptor(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, int value); void nvlist_move_binary(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, void *value, size_t size); bool nvlist_get_bool(const nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); uint64_t nvlist_get_number(const nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); const char * nvlist_get_string(const nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); const nvlist_t * nvlist_get_nvlist(const nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); int nvlist_get_descriptor(const nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); const void * nvlist_get_binary(const nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, size_t *sizep); const nvlist_t * nvlist_get_parent(const nvlist_t *nvl, void **cookiep); bool nvlist_take_bool(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); uint64_t nvlist_take_number(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); char * nvlist_take_string(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); nvlist_t * nvlist_take_nvlist(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); int nvlist_take_descriptor(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); void * nvlist_take_binary(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, size_t *sizep); void nvlist_free(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); void nvlist_free_type(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name, int type); void nvlist_free_null(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); void nvlist_free_bool(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); void nvlist_free_number(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); void nvlist_free_string(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); void nvlist_free_nvlist(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); void nvlist_free_descriptor(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); void nvlist_free_binary(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name); DESCRIPTION
The libnv library allows to easily manage name value pairs as well as send and receive them over sockets. A group (list) of name value pairs is called an nvlist. The API supports the following data types: null (NV_TYPE_NULL) There is no data associated with the name. bool (NV_TYPE_BOOL) The value can be either true or false. number (NV_TYPE_NUMBER) The value is a number stored as uint64_t. string (NV_TYPE_STRING) The value is a C string. nvlist (NV_TYPE_NVLIST) The value is a nested nvlist. descriptor (NV_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR) The value is a file descriptor. Note that file descriptors can be sent only over unix(4) domain sockets. binary (NV_TYPE_BINARY) The value is a binary buffer. The nvlist_create() function allocates memory and initializes an nvlist. The following flag can be provided: NV_FLAG_IGNORE_CASE Perform case-insensitive lookups of provided names. The nvlist_destroy() function destroys the given nvlist. Function does nothing if NULL nvlist is provided. Function never modifies the errno global variable. The nvlist_error() function returns any error value that the nvlist accumulated. If the given nvlist is NULL the ENOMEM error will be returned. The nvlist_empty() functions returns true if the given nvlist is empty and false otherwise. The nvlist must not be in error state. The nvlist_clone() functions clones the given nvlist. The clone shares no resources with its origin. This also means that all file descrip- tors that are part of the nvlist will be duplicated with the dup(2) system call before placing them in the clone. The nvlist_dump() dumps nvlist content for debugging purposes to the given file descriptor fd. The nvlist_fdump() dumps nvlist content for debugging purposes to the given file stream fp. The nvlist_size() function returns the size of the given nvlist after converting it to binary buffer with the nvlist_pack() function. The nvlist_pack() function converts the given nvlist to a binary buffer. The function allocates memory for the buffer, which should be freed with the free(3) function. If the sizep argument is not NULL, the size of the buffer will be stored there. The function returns NULL in case of an error (allocation failure). If the nvlist contains any file descriptors NULL will be returned. The nvlist must not be in error state. The nvlist_unpack() function converts the given buffer to the nvlist. The function returns NULL in case of an error. The nvlist_send() function sends the given nvlist over the socket given by the sock argument. Note that nvlist that contains file descrip- tors can only be send over unix(4) domain sockets. The nvlist_recv() function receives nvlist over the socket given by the sock argument. The nvlist_xfer() function sends the given nvlist over the socket given by the sock argument and receives nvlist over the same socket. The given nvlist is always destroyed. The nvlist_next() function iterates over the given nvlist returning names and types of subsequent elements. The cookiep argument allows the function to figure out which element should be returned next. The *cookiep should be set to NULL for the first call and should not be changed later. Returning NULL means there are no more elements on the nvlist. The typep argument can be NULL. Elements may not be removed from the nvlist while traversing it. The nvlist must not be in error state. The nvlist_exists() function returns true if element of the given name exists (besides of its type) or false otherwise. The nvlist must not be in error state. The nvlist_exists_type() function returns true if element of the given name and the given type exists or false otherwise. The nvlist must not be in error state. The nvlist_exists_null(), nvlist_exists_bool(), nvlist_exists_number(), nvlist_exists_string(), nvlist_exists_nvlist(), nvlist_exists_descriptor(), nvlist_exists_binary() functions return true if element of the given name and the given type determined by the function name exists or false otherwise. The nvlist must not be in error state. The nvlist_add_null(), nvlist_add_bool(), nvlist_add_number(), nvlist_add_string(), nvlist_add_stringf(), nvlist_add_stringv(), nvlist_add_nvlist(), nvlist_add_descriptor(), nvlist_add_binary() functions add element to the given nvlist. When adding string or binary buffor the functions will allocate memory and copy the data over. When adding nvlist, the nvlist will be cloned and clone will be added. When adding descriptor, the descriptor will be duplicated using the dup(2) system call and the new descriptor will be added. If an error occurs while adding new element, internal error is set which can be examined using the nvlist_error() function. The nvlist_move_string(), nvlist_move_nvlist(), nvlist_move_descriptor(), nvlist_move_binary() functions add new element to the given nvlist, but unlike nvlist_add_<type>() functions they will consume the given resource. If an error occurs while adding new element, the resource is destroyed and internal error is set which can be examined using the nvlist_error() function. The nvlist_get_bool(), nvlist_get_number(), nvlist_get_string(), nvlist_get_nvlist(), nvlist_get_descriptor(), nvlist_get_binary() functions allow to obtain value of the given name. In case of string, nvlist, descriptor or binary, returned resource should not be modified - it still belongs to the nvlist. If element of the given name does not exist, the program will be aborted. To avoid that the caller should check for existence before trying to obtain the value or use dnvlist(3) extension, which allows to provide default value for a missing ele- ment. The nvlist must not be in error state. The nvlist_get_parent() function allows to obtain the parent nvlist from the nested nvlist. The nvlist_take_bool(), nvlist_take_number(), nvlist_take_string(), nvlist_take_nvlist(), nvlist_take_descriptor(), nvlist_take_binary() functions return value associated with the given name and remove the element from the nvlist. In case of string and binary values, the call- er is responsible for free returned memory using the free(3) function. In case of nvlist, the caller is responsible for destroying returned nvlist using the nvlist_destroy() function. In case of descriptor, the caller is responsible for closing returned descriptor using the close(2) system call. If element of the given name does not exist, the program will be aborted. To avoid that the caller should check for existence before trying to obtain the value or use dnvlist(3) extension, which allows to provide default value for a missing element. The nvlist must not be in error state. The nvlist_free() function removes element of the given name from the nvlist (besides of its type) and frees all resources associated with it. If element of the given name does not exist, the program will be aborted. The nvlist must not be in error state. The nvlist_free_type() function removes element of the given name and the given type from the nvlist and frees all resources associated with it. If element of the given name and the given type does not exist, the program will be aborted. The nvlist must not be in error state. The nvlist_free_null(), nvlist_free_bool(), nvlist_free_number(), nvlist_free_string(), nvlist_free_nvlist(), nvlist_free_descriptor(), nvlist_free_binary() functions remove element of the given name and the given type determined by the function name from the nvlist and free all resources associated with it. If element of the given name and the given type does not exist, the program will be aborted. The nvlist must not be in error state. EXAMPLES
The following example demonstrates how to prepare an nvlist and send it over unix(4) domain socket. nvlist_t *nvl; int fd; fd = open("/tmp/foo", O_RDONLY); if (fd < 0) err(1, "open("/tmp/foo") failed"); nvl = nvlist_create(0); /* * There is no need to check if nvlist_create() succeeded, * as the nvlist_add_<type>() functions can cope. * If it failed, nvlist_send() will fail. */ nvlist_add_string(nvl, "filename", "/tmp/foo"); nvlist_add_number(nvl, "flags", O_RDONLY); /* * We just want to send the descriptor, so we can give it * for the nvlist to consume (that's why we use nvlist_move * not nvlist_add). */ nvlist_move_descriptor(nvl, "fd", fd); if (nvlist_send(sock, nvl) < 0) { nvlist_destroy(nvl); err(1, "nvlist_send() failed"); } nvlist_destroy(nvl); Receiving nvlist and getting data: nvlist_t *nvl; const char *command; char *filename; int fd; nvl = nvlist_recv(sock); if (nvl == NULL) err(1, "nvlist_recv() failed"); /* For command we take pointer to nvlist's buffer. */ command = nvlist_get_string(nvl, "command"); /* * For filename we remove it from the nvlist and take * ownership of the buffer. */ filename = nvlist_take_string(nvl, "filename"); /* The same for the descriptor. */ fd = nvlist_take_descriptor(nvl, "fd"); printf("command=%s filename=%s fd=%d0, command, filename, fd); nvlist_destroy(nvl); free(filename); close(fd); /* command was freed by nvlist_destroy() */ Iterating over nvlist: nvlist_t *nvl; const char *name; void *cookie; int type; nvl = nvlist_recv(sock); if (nvl == NULL) err(1, "nvlist_recv() failed"); cookie = NULL; while ((name = nvlist_next(nvl, &type, &cookie)) != NULL) { printf("%s=", name); switch (type) { case NV_TYPE_NUMBER: printf("%ju", (uintmax_t)nvlist_get_number(nvl, name)); break; case NV_TYPE_STRING: printf("%s", nvlist_get_string(nvl, name)); break; default: printf("N/A"); break; } printf(" "); } Iterating over every nested nvlist: nvlist_t *nvl; const char *name; void *cookie; int type; nvl = nvlist_recv(sock); if (nvl == NULL) err(1, "nvlist_recv() failed"); cookie = NULL; do { while ((name = nvlist_next(nvl, &type, &cookie)) != NULL) { if (type == NV_TYPE_NVLIST) { nvl = nvlist_get_nvlist(nvl, name); cookie = NULL; } } } while ((nvl = nvlist_get_parent(nvl, &cookie)) != NULL); SEE ALSO
close(2), dup(2), open(2), err(3), free(3), printf(3), unix(4) HISTORY
The libnv library appeared in FreeBSD 11.0. AUTHORS
The libnv library was implemented by Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pawel@dawidek.net> under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation. BSD
January 30, 2015 BSD
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