freebsd man page for udp

UDP(4)							   BSD Kernel Interfaces Manual 						    UDP(4)

NAME
     udp -- Internet User Datagram Protocol

SYNOPSIS
     #include <sys/types.h>
     #include <sys/socket.h>
     #include <netinet/in.h>

     int
     socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);

DESCRIPTION
     UDP is a simple, unreliable datagram protocol which is used to support the SOCK_DGRAM abstraction for the Internet protocol family.  UDP
     sockets are connectionless, and are normally used with the sendto(2) and recvfrom(2) calls, though the connect(2) call may also be used to
     fix the destination for future packets (in which case the recv(2) or read(2) and send(2) or write(2) system calls may be used).

     UDP address formats are identical to those used by TCP.  In particular UDP provides a port identifier in addition to the normal Internet
     address format.  Note that the UDP port space is separate from the TCP port space (i.e., a UDP port may not be ``connected'' to a TCP port).
     In addition broadcast packets may be sent (assuming the underlying network supports this) by using a reserved ``broadcast address''; this
     address is network interface dependent.

     Options at the IP transport level may be used with UDP; see ip(4).

MIB VARIABLES
     The udp protocol implements a number of variables in the net.inet branch of the sysctl(3) MIB.

     UDPCTL_CHECKSUM	(udp.checksum) Enable udp checksums (enabled by default).

     UDPCTL_MAXDGRAM	(udp.maxdgram) Maximum outgoing UDP datagram size

     UDPCTL_RECVSPACE	(udp.recvspace) Maximum space for incoming UDP datagrams

     udp.log_in_vain	For all udp datagrams, to ports on which there is no socket listening, log the connection attempt (disabled by default).

     udp.blackhole	When a datagram is received on a port where there is no socket listening, do not return an ICMP port unreachable message.
			(Disabled by default.  See blackhole(4).)

ERRORS
     A socket operation may fail with one of the following errors returned:

     [EISCONN]		when trying to establish a connection on a socket which already has one, or when trying to send a datagram with the desti-
			nation address specified and the socket is already connected;

     [ENOTCONN] 	when trying to send a datagram, but no destination address is specified, and the socket has not been connected;

     [ENOBUFS]		when the system runs out of memory for an internal data structure;

     [EADDRINUSE]	when an attempt is made to create a socket with a port which has already been allocated;

     [EADDRNOTAVAIL]	when an attempt is made to create a socket with a network address for which no network interface exists.

SEE ALSO
     getsockopt(2), recv(2), send(2), socket(2), blackhole(4), inet(4), intro(4), ip(4)

HISTORY
     The udp protocol appeared in 4.2BSD.

BSD
								   June 5, 1993 							       BSD