bm(1) [bsd man page]
BM(PUBLIC) BM(PUBLIC) NAME
bm - search a file for a string SYNOPSIS
/usr/public/bm [ option ] ... [ strings ] [ file ] DESCRIPTION
Bm searches the input files (standard input default) for lines matching a string. Normally, each line found is copied to the standard out- put. It is blindingly fast. Bm strings are fixed sequences of characters: there are no wildcards, repetitions, or other features of regu- lar expressions. Bm is also case sensitive. The following options are recognized. -x (Exact) only lines matched in their entirety are printed -l The names of files with matching lines are listed (once) separated by newlines. -c Only a count of the number of matches is printed -e string The string is the next argument after the -e flag. This allows strings beginning with '-'. -h No filenames are printed, even if multiple files are searched. -n Each line is preceded by the number of characters from the beginning of the file to the match. -s Silent mode. Nothing is printed (except error messages). This is useful for checking the error status. -f file The string list is taken from the file. Unless the -h option is specified the file name is shown if there is more than one input file. Care should be taken when using the charac- ters $ * [ ^ | ( ) and in the strings (listed on the command line) as they are also meaningful to the Shell. It is safest to enclose the entire expression argument in single quotes ' '. Bm searches for lines that contain one of the (newline-separated) strings, using the Boyer-Moore algorithm. It is far superior in terms of speed to the grep (egrep, fgrep) family of pattern matchers for fixed-pattern searching, and its speed increases with pattern length. SEE ALSO
grep(1) DIAGNOSTICS
Exit status is 0 if any matches are found, 1 if none, 2 for syntax errors or inaccessible files. AUTHOR
Peter Bain (pdbain@wateng), with modifications suggested by John Gilmore BUGS
Only 100 patterns are allowed. Patterns may not contain newlines. If a line (delimited by newlines, and the beginning and end of the file) is longer than 8000 charcters (e.g. in a core dump), it will not be completely printed. If multiple patterns are specified, the order of the ouput lines is not necessarily the same as the order of the input lines. A line will be printed once for each different string on that line. The algorithm cannot count lines. The -n and -c work differently from fgrep. The -v, -i, and -b are not available. 4th Berkeley Distribution 8 July 1985 BM(PUBLIC)
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fgrep(1) User Commands fgrep(1) NAME
fgrep - search a file for a fixed-character string SYNOPSIS
/usr/bin/fgrep [-bchilnsvx] [-e pattern_list] [-f pattern-file] [pattern] [file...] /usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep [-bchilnsvx] [-e pattern_list] [-f pattern-file] [pattern] [file...] DESCRIPTION
The fgrep (fast grep) utility searches files for a character string and prints all lines that contain that string. fgrep is different from grep(1) and from egrep(1) because it searches for a string, instead of searching for a pattern that matches an expression. fgrep uses a fast and compact algorithm. The characters $, *, [, ^, |, (, ), and are interpreted literally by fgrep, that is, fgrep does not recognize full regular expressions as does egrep. These characters have special meaning to the shell. Therefore, to be safe, enclose the entire string within single quotes ('). If no files are specified, fgrep assumes standard input. Normally, each line that is found is copied to the standard output. The file name is printed before each line that is found if there is more than one input file. OPTIONS
The following options are supported: -b Precedes each line by the block number on which the line was found. This can be useful in locating block numbers by con- text. The first block is 0. -c Prints only a count of the lines that contain the pattern. -e pattern_list Searches for a string in pattern-list. This is useful when the string begins with a -. -f pattern-file Takes the list of patterns from pattern-file. -h Suppresses printing of files when searching multiple files. -i Ignores upper/lower case distinction during comparisons. -l Prints the names of files with matching lines once, separated by new-lines. Does not repeat the names of files when the pattern is found more than once. -n Precedes each line by its line number in the file. The first line is 1. -s Works silently, that is, displays nothing except error messages. This is useful for checking the error status. -v Prints all lines except those that contain the pattern. -x Prints only lines that are matched entirely. OPERANDS
The following operands are supported: file Specifies a path name of a file to be searched for the patterns. If no file operands are specified, the standard input will be used. /usr/bin/fgrep pattern Specifies a pattern to be used during the search for input. /usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep pattern Specifies one or more patterns to be used during the search for input. This operand is treated as if it were specified as -e pattern_list. USAGE
See largefile(5) for the description of the behavior of fgrep when encountering files greater than or equal to 2 Gbyte ( 2**31 bytes). ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
See environ(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables that affect the execution of fgrep: LC_COLLATE, LC_CTYPE, LC_MES- SAGES, and NLSPATH. EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned: 0 If any matches are found 1 If no matches are found 2 For syntax errors or inaccessible files, even if matches were found. ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes: /usr/bin/fgrep +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ | ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ |Availability |SUNWcsu | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ /usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ | ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ |Availability |SUNWxcu4 | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ |CSI |Enabled | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ SEE ALSO
ed(1), egrep(1), grep(1), sed(1), sh(1), attributes(5), environ(5), largefile(5), XPG4(5) NOTES
Ideally, there should be only one grep command, but there is not a single algorithm that spans a wide enough range of space-time tradeoffs. Lines are limited only by the size of the available virtual memory. /usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep The /usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep utility is identical to /usr/xpg4/bin/grep -F (see grep(1)). Portable applications should use /usr/xpg4/bin/grep -F. SunOS 5.10 4 Oct 2002 fgrep(1)