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Full Discussion: Without the aid of the escape mechanism, how to put a raw string into a variable?
Top Forums UNIX for Advanced & Expert Users Without the aid of the escape mechanism, how to put a raw string into a variable? Post 303045761 by wisecracker on Sunday 12th of April 2020 11:11:40 AM
Old 04-12-2020
Attached to previous and don't know why.
Quote:
Originally Posted by MadeInGermany
An embedded string in a shell script is normally fenced with either ' or " so you need to escape these characters inside the string.
Try a here doc:
Code:
read STRING <<"EOT"
 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~
EOT

Now the fence is a custom word.
You must quote it to prevent variable substitutions.
BTW if a file or a here doc has got one line then read is smarter than cat.
Code:
Last login: Sun Apr 12 14:58:50 on ttys000
AMIGA:amiga~> read STRING <<"EOT"
>  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~
> EOT
AMIGA:amiga~> 
AMIGA:amiga~> echo "${STRING}"
!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~
AMIGA:amiga~> 
AMIGA:amiga~> # The space is missing!
AMIGA:amiga~> 
AMIGA:amiga~> # Also the '\' too.
AMIGA:amiga~> 
AMIGA:amiga~> echo "${#STRING}"
93
AMIGA:amiga~> # Should be 95.
AMIGA:amiga~> 
AMIGA:amiga~> read -r STRING <<"EOT"
>  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~
> EOT
AMIGA:amiga~> echo "${STRING}"
!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~
AMIGA:amiga~> 
AMIGA:amiga~> # The space is still missing.
AMIGA:amiga~> 
AMIGA:amiga~> echo "${#STRING}"
94
AMIGA:amiga~> _

cat does not omit the space, (decimal character 32).

--- Post updated at 05:11 PM ---

Hi Rudic...

(HOPEFULLY THIS DOES NOT ATTACH TO THE PREVIOUS, if it does apologies...)
Code:
Last login: Sun Apr 12 15:58:43 on ttys000
AMIGA:amiga~> cd Desktop/Code/Shell
AMIGA:amiga~/Desktop/Code/Shell> ./rawstr.sh

Raw string:-
 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~
Number of characters:-
98

Raw string:-
 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~
Number of characters:-
95

Look at the real string inside the environment:-

Apple_PubSub_Socket_Render='/private/tmp/com.apple.launchd.glJfvo3uxT/Render'
HOME='/Users/amiga'
IFS='     
'
LANG='en_GB.UTF-8'
LINENO=''
LOGNAME='amiga'
OLDPWD='/Users/amiga'
OPTIND='1'
PATH='/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/bin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/bin:/Users/amiga/Programs:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin'
PPID='4629'
PS1='AMIGA:\u\w> '
PS2='> '
PS4='+ '
PWD='/Users/amiga/Desktop/Code/Shell'
SHELL='/bin/bash'
SHLVL='1'
SSH_AUTH_SOCK='/private/tmp/com.apple.launchd.gtetHEIugk/Listeners'
STRING=' !"#$%&'"'"'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~'
TERM='xterm-256color'
TERM_PROGRAM='Apple_Terminal'
TERM_PROGRAM_VERSION='421.2'
TERM_SESSION_ID='8D9826C6-8625-4C9F-A6C9-E7CBDDEAC0CE'
TMPDIR='/var/folders/9c/bb_c667j5nj5cbbkw__1l8n40000gp/T/'
USER='amiga'
XPC_FLAGS='0x0'
XPC_SERVICE_NAME='0'
_='./rawstr.sh'
AMIGA:amiga~/Desktop/Code/Shell> _

Thanked your previous post...
Code:
#!/usr/local/bin/dash
# rawstr.sh

STRING=' !"#$%&\047()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~'

# Assumption that this is using dash's builtin 'echo'...
echo ""
echo "Raw string:-"
echo "${STRING}"
echo "Number of characters:-"
echo "${#STRING}"

STRING=$( echo "${STRING}" )

echo ""
echo "Raw string:-"
echo "${STRING}"
echo "Number of characters:-"
echo "${#STRING}"
echo ""
echo "Look at the real string inside the environment:-"
echo ""

set

# YES! (Fist in the air!)
# Nice one RudiC, I now have an idea for a convoluted means
# editing a raw ASCII string variable in POSIX mode and will
# upload IF it works at a later date...

OSX 10.14.x, default bash terminal, calling dash inside the code...
Last edited by wisecracker; 04-12-2020 at 12:21 PM..
 

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