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Full Discussion: Network interface-
Special Forums IP Networking Network interface- Post 302643165 by Corona688 on Friday 18th of May 2012 02:45:41 PM
Old 05-18-2012
An IP address is how you talk to another computer over an IP network. Each network card has its own IP. You try connecting to 10.0.2.15, and IP protocol will find that computer and talk to it if it's there.

It must be unique on the network -- you shouldn't have two 10.0.2.15's plugged into the same local network, they'll conflict.

An IP address, combined with its netmask, netmask are sort of a combined house and street address. The netmask defines which part is local.

Code:
MASK   255 255 255   0
  IP   192 168  56 102
Local                0-254

Meaning, 192.168.56.102 can directly talk to any other network card with an IP address of 192.168.56.anything-else. If it were 192.168.57, it would have to forward the message along to a gateway and hope it knows where it belongs.

So the IP address is a unique ID for each computer, and the subnet mask defines which block of other IPs it can talk to.
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oidentd_masq.conf(5)						File Formats Manual					      oidentd_masq.conf(5)

NAME
oidentd_masq.conf - oidentd IP masquerading/NAT configuration file. DESCRIPTION
If you are using IP masquerading or NAT, oidentd can optionally return a username for connections from other machines. Support for this is specified by calling oidentd with the -m (or --masq) flag and by creating an /etc/oidentd_masq.conf file. oidentd can also forward requests for an IP masqueraded connection to the machine from which connection originates by way of the -f option. This will only work if the host to which the connection is forwarded is running oidentd with the -P (proxy) flag, or if the host's ident daemon will return a valid reply regardless of the input supplied by and the address of the host requesting the info (some ident daemons for windows do this, maybe others). FORMAT
<IP Address|Hostname>[/<Mask>] <Ident Response> <System Type> The first field contains the IP address or the hostname of a machine that IP masquerades through the machine on which oidentd runs. The mask parameter can be either a network mask or a mask in CIDR notation. A mask of 24 is equivalent to 255.255.255.0, a mask of 16 is equivalent to 255.255.0.0, etc. The second field specifies the reply that oidentd will return for lookups to the host matching the IP address specified in the first param- eter. The third field specifies the operating system the machine matching the first parameter is running. EXAMPLES
<Host>[/<Mask>] <Ident Response> <System Type> 192.168.1.1 someone UNIX 192.168.1.2 noone WINDOWS 192.168.1.1/32 user1 UNIX 192.168.1.0/24 user3 UNIX 192.168.0.0/16 user4 UNIX somehost user5 UNIX 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0 user6 UNIX AUTHOR
Ryan McCabe <ryan@numb.org> http://dev.ojnk.net SEE ALSO
oidentd(8) oidentd.conf(5) version 2.0.8 13 Jul 2003 oidentd_masq.conf(5)
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