UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers

200101701    A    5    B    283    D    222
200085506    A    5    B    6    C    304
200081406    A    5                    
200101784    D    1111

200101701    A    0005    B    0283    *    *    D    222    
200085506    A    0005    B    0006    C    0304    *    *
200081406    A    0005    *    *    *    *    *    *
200101784    *    *    *    *    *    *    D    1111

awk '
BEGIN {str="ABCD"; l=length(str)*2}
{for (i=3; i<=NF; i+=2) $i=sprintf("%04d", $i);
 for (i=2; i<=l; i+=2) {
   j=index(str,$i);
   for (m=i/2; m<j; m++) { $i="*" OFS "*" OFS $i; $0=$0; }
 }
 for (i=(NF-1)/2; i<l/2; i++) { $(NF+i)="*" OFS "*"; }
 $0=$0;
}
$1=$1
' OFS="\t" infile