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There is the output of the command "uname -n" which the docs call "nodename". Posix says: "nodename shall contain the name of this node within an implementation-defined communications network." And there is the output of the command "hostname" and Posix says nothing at all.
What we now call nodename came first and was not really standardized enough to be used in a real network. "hostname" was intended to be very standardized and matched to the Internet standards. Most people set them to the same thing.
The output of "uname -s" has nothing to do with either, it identifies the OS and this is what is called system name. Typical values are HP-UX or SunOS.
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