Short version:

pfexec zpool scrub rpool

pfexec zpool scrub rpool
pfexec zpool scrub tank

pfexec zpool scrub rpool

As what user are you trying to execute this command?
If it is regular user, then you must assign appropriate profile to that user account.

pfexec su - root -c 'zpool scrub rpool'
pfexec su - root -c 'zpool scrub tank'

How do I do that? (Or rather, what terms should I google for to find the correct manuals to read to find the answer; is there a good solaris wiki you can recommend?)

---------- Post updated at 11:19 ---------- Previous update was at 11:06 ----------

tested by typing this in regular user terminal and got asked for the password for root, I have it of course but it would be unsuitable for automatic scheduling. Is there a way I could, as root, give permissions to a regular user to use a certain normally reserved for root command?

Thank you, I haven't actually even gotten around to using cron yet, my previous errors were in trying to simply run a script I called "scrub.sh". That way I could isolate errors, if I have a script file that I have tested to work when I manually run it, then when I have a scheduler run it and it doesn't work I can be sure the problem is with the scheduler.

So to clarify, I broke down what I wanted to do into steps; my "project" plan was very simple, merely 2 steps:
A. Create file "scrub.sh" which when run starts scrub on all pools. Make a shortcut for it on desktop to double click when I want a scrub.
B. Make a cron job to run that file every 2 weeks.

I got stuck on part A thus far and never even started on part B.

However, my questions in this thread are 2 fold:
1. How do I fix my project so it works.
2. Should I scrap the idea entirely and do something else that actually will work in achieving the goal of automatic scrub every 2 weeks. If so, how and what.

Here is very usefull blog about RBAC and how you can provide root privileges with pfexec. I'm not an author.
Less known Solaris features: pfexec - c0t0d0s0.org
Less known Solaris features: RBAC and Privileges - c0t0d0s0.org

It's about Solaris10. I didn't use RBAC in s11 but as I can see there is no built-in Primary Administrator profile. I think that you can create profile approprite for your needs for example just with zfs command.

There is profile related to filesystem management.

root@solaris11:/etc/security/exec_attr.d# grep zfs *
core-os:ZFS File System Management:solaris:cmd:RO::/usr/sbin/zfs:euid=0

user1@solaris11:~$ profiles
          Basic Solaris User
          All
user1@solaris11:~$ pfexec zfs create pula01/test
cannot create 'pula01/test': permission denied

root@solaris11 # usermod -P +'ZFS File System Management' user1

user1@solaris11:~$ profiles
          ZFS File System Management
          Basic Solaris User
          All
user1@solaris11:~$ zfs create pula01/test
cannot create 'pula01/test': permission denied
user1@solaris11:~$ pfexec zfs create pula01/test

root@solaris11 # usermod -P +"ZFS Storage Management" user1