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awk to change specific string to new value if found in text file

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# 1  
Old 03-06-2017
awk to change specific string to new value if found in text file
I am trying to use awk to change a specific string in a field, if it is found, to another value. In the tab-delimited file the text in bold in $3 contains the string 23, which is always right before a ., if it is present.

I am trying to change that string to X, keeping the formatting and the name of the file the same. The awk below seems to change the formatting and may not be the best way. Thank you Smilie.

file
Code:
Input Variant	Errors	Chromosomal Variant	Coding Variant(s)
NM_004992.3:c.274G>T		NC_000023.10:g.153297761C>A	XM_005274683.1:c.-6G>T	XM_005274682.1:c.-6G>T	XM_005274681.1:c.274G>T	LRG_764t2:c.274G>T	NM_004992.3:c.274G>T	LRG_764t1:c.310G>T	NM_001110792.1:c.310G>T

awk
Code:
awk -F'\t' '{ $3 = ($3 == "23" ? X : $3) } 1' OFS="\t" file

desired output
Code:
Input Variant	Errors	Chromosomal Variant	Coding Variant(s)
NM_004992.3:c.274G>T		NC_0000X.10:g.153297761C>A	XM_005274683.1:c.-6G>T	XM_005274682.1:c.-6G>T	XM_005274681.1:c.274G>T	LRG_764t2:c.274G>T	NM_004992.3:c.274G>T	LRG_764t1:c.310G>T	NM_001110792.1:c.310G>T

Last edited by cmccabe; 03-06-2017 at 09:40 AM.. Reason: fixed format
# 2  
Old 03-06-2017
== is an equality comparison, it doesn't search substrings.

Try
Code:
awk -F"\t" '{ sub(/23/, "X", $3); } 1' infile > outfile

This User Gave Thanks to Corona688 For This Post:
cmccabe
# 3  
Old 03-06-2017
To keep from matching 23 when it does not appear immediately before a period, you might want to change that to:
Code:
awk -F"\t" '{ sub(/23[.]/, "X.", $3); } 1' infile > outfile

This User Gave Thanks to Don Cragun For This Post:
cmccabe
# 4  
Old 03-07-2017
Thank you both very much Smilie.
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