Shell Programming and Scripting

#!/bin/bash

DATAFILE=${1:-DATA.TXT}
COLUMNFILE=${2:-LIST.TXT}

awk -F, -v colsFile="$COLUMNFILE" '
   BEGIN {
     j=1
     while ((getline < colsFile) > 0) {
        col[j++] = $1
     }
     n=j-1;
     close(colsFile)
     for (i=1; i<=n; i++) s[col[i]]=i
   }
   NR==1 {
     for (f=1; f<=NF; f++)
       if ($f in s) c[s[$f]]=f
     next
   }
   { sep=""
     for (f=1; f<=n; f++) {
       printf("%c%s",sep,$c[f])
       sep=FS
     }
     print ""
   }
' "$DATAFILE"

cat DATA.TXT
ID, head1, head2, head3, head4
1, 25.5, 1364.0, 22.5, 13.2
2, 10.1, 215.56, 1.15, 22.2

cat LIST.TXT
ID
head1
head4

 sh extract.sh DATA.TXT LIST.TXT
1,1, 25.5, 1364.0, 22.5, 13.2,1, 25.5, 1364.0, 22.5, 13.2
2,2, 10.1, 215.56, 1.15, 22.2,2, 10.1, 215.56, 1.15, 22.2

awk '{print $3,$2,$1}' FS="," DATA.TXT
whether here some changes can be done to get desired output

awk 'NR==1{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if($i~/ID/)f[n++]=i}{for(i=0;i<n;i++)printf"%s%s",i?" ":"",$f[i];print""}' DATA.TXT

$ awk   'NR==FNR {Cols=Cols(Cols?"|":"")$1; next}
         FNR==1 {for (i=1;i<=NF;i++) if (match($i,Cols)) Ar[++n]=i}
         {for (i=1;i<=n;i++) printf "%s ", $(Ar[i]); printf "\n"}
        ' FS=", " list data
ID head1 head4 
1 25.5 13.2 
2 10.1 22.2