echo(3) [php man page]
ECHO(3) 1 ECHO(3) echo - Output one or more strings SYNOPSIS
void echo (string $arg1, [string $...]) DESCRIPTION
Outputs all parameters. echo is not actually a function (it is a language construct), so you are not required to use parentheses with it. echo (unlike some other language constructs) does not behave like a function, so it cannot always be used in the context of a function. Additionally, if you want to pass more than one parameter to echo, the parameters must not be enclosed within parentheses. echo also has a shortcut syntax, where you can immediately follow the opening tag with an equals sign. Prior to PHP 5.4.0, this short syn- tax only works with the short_open_tag configuration setting enabled. I have <?=$foo?> foo. PARAMETERS
o $arg1 - The parameter to output. o $... - RETURN VALUES
No value is returned. EXAMPLES
Example #1 echo examples <?php echo "Hello World"; echo "This spans multiple lines. The newlines will be output as well"; echo "This spans multiple lines. The newlines will be output as well."; echo "Escaping characters is done "Like this"."; // You can use variables inside of an echo statement $foo = "foobar"; $bar = "barbaz"; echo "foo is $foo"; // foo is foobar // You can also use arrays $baz = array("value" => "foo"); echo "this is {$baz['value']} !"; // this is foo ! // Using single quotes will print the variable name, not the value echo 'foo is $foo'; // foo is $foo // If you are not using any other characters, you can just echo variables echo $foo; // foobar echo $foo,$bar; // foobarbarbaz // Some people prefer passing multiple parameters to echo over concatenation. echo 'This ', 'string ', 'was ', 'made ', 'with multiple parameters.', chr(10); echo 'This ' . 'string ' . 'was ' . 'made ' . 'with concatenation.' . " "; echo <<<END This uses the "here document" syntax to output multiple lines with $variable interpolation. Note that the here document terminator must appear on a line with just a semicolon. no extra whitespace! END; // Because echo does not behave like a function, the following code is invalid. ($some_var) ? echo 'true' : echo 'false'; // However, the following examples will work: ($some_var) ? print 'true' : print 'false'; // print is also a construct, but // it behaves like a function, so // it may be used in this context. echo $some_var ? 'true': 'false'; // changing the statement around ?> NOTES
Note Because this is a language construct and not a function, it cannot be called using variable functions. SEE ALSO
print(3), printf(3), flush(3), Heredoc syntax. PHP Documentation Group ECHO(3)
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FUNC_GET_ARGS(3) 1 FUNC_GET_ARGS(3) func_get_args - Returns an array comprising a function's argument list SYNOPSIS
array func_get_args (void ) DESCRIPTION
Gets an array of the function's argument list. This function may be used in conjunction with func_get_arg(3) and func_num_args(3) to allow user-defined functions to accept variable- length argument lists. RETURN VALUES
Returns an array in which each element is a copy of the corresponding member of the current user-defined function's argument list. CHANGELOG
+--------+---------------------------------------------------+ |Version | | | | | | | Description | | | | +--------+---------------------------------------------------+ | 5.3.0 | | | | | | | This function can now be used in parameter | | | lists. | | | | | 5.3.0 | | | | | | | If this function is called from the outermost | | | scope of a file which has been included by call- | | | ing include(3) or require(3) from within a func- | | | tion in the calling file, it now generates a | | | warning and returns FALSE. | | | | +--------+---------------------------------------------------+ ERRORS
/EXCEPTIONS Generates a warning if called from outside of a user-defined function. EXAMPLES
Example #1 func_get_args(3) example <?php function foo() { $numargs = func_num_args(); echo "Number of arguments: $numargs "; if ($numargs >= 2) { echo "Second argument is: " . func_get_arg(1) . " "; } $arg_list = func_get_args(); for ($i = 0; $i < $numargs; $i++) { echo "Argument $i is: " . $arg_list[$i] . " "; } } foo(1, 2, 3); ?> The above example will output: Number of arguments: 3 Second argument is: 2 Argument 0 is: 1 Argument 1 is: 2 Argument 2 is: 3 Example #2 func_get_args(3) example before and after PHP 5.3 test.php <?php function foo() { include './fga.inc'; } foo('First arg', 'Second arg'); ?> fga.inc <?php $args = func_get_args(); var_export($args); ?> Output previous to PHP 5.3: array ( 0 => 'First arg', 1 => 'Second arg', ) Output in PHP 5.3 and later: Warning: func_get_args(): Called from the global scope - no function context in /home/torben/Desktop/code/ml/fga.inc on line 3 false Example #3 func_get_args(3) example of byref and byval arguments <?php function byVal($arg) { echo 'As passed : ', var_export(func_get_args()), PHP_EOL; $arg = 'baz'; echo 'After change : ', var_export(func_get_args()), PHP_EOL; } function byRef(&$arg) { echo 'As passed : ', var_export(func_get_args()), PHP_EOL; $arg = 'baz'; echo 'After change : ', var_export(func_get_args()), PHP_EOL; } $arg = 'bar'; byVal($arg); byRef($arg); ?> The above example will output: 0 => 'bar', ) After change : array ( 0 => 'bar', ) As passed : array ( 0 => 'bar', ) After change : array ( 0 => 'baz', ) NOTES
Note Because this function depends on the current scope to determine parameter details, it cannot be used as a function parameter in ver- sions prior to 5.3.0. If this value must be passed, the results should be assigned to a variable, and that variable should be passed. Note If the arguments are passed by reference, any changes to the arguments will be reflected in the values returned by this function. Note This function returns a copy of the passed arguments only, and does not account for default (non-passed) arguments. SEE ALSO
... syntax in PHP 5.6+, func_get_arg(3), func_num_args(3), ReflectionFunctionAbstract::getParameters. PHP Documentation Group FUNC_GET_ARGS(3)