LISTEN(P) POSIX Programmer's Manual LISTEN(P)
NAME
listen - listen for socket connections and limit the queue of incoming connections
SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/socket.h>
int listen(int socket, int backlog);
DESCRIPTION
The listen() function shall mark a connection-mode socket, specified by the socket argument, as accepting connections.
The backlog argument provides a hint to the implementation which the implementation shall use to limit the number of outstanding connec-
tions in the socket's listen queue. Implementations may impose a limit on backlog and silently reduce the specified value. Normally, a
larger backlog argument value shall result in a larger or equal length of the listen queue. Implementations shall support values of back-
log up to SOMAXCONN, defined in <sys/socket.h>.
The implementation may include incomplete connections in its listen queue. The limits on the number of incomplete connections and completed
connections queued may be different.
The implementation may have an upper limit on the length of the listen queue-either global or per accepting socket. If backlog exceeds this
limit, the length of the listen queue is set to the limit.
If listen() is called with a backlog argument value that is less than 0, the function behaves as if it had been called with a backlog argu-
ment value of 0.
A backlog argument of 0 may allow the socket to accept connections, in which case the length of the listen queue may be set to an implemen-
tation-defined minimum value.
The socket in use may require the process to have appropriate privileges to use the listen() function.
RETURN VALUE
Upon successful completions, listen() shall return 0; otherwise, -1 shall be returned and errno set to indicate the error.
ERRORS
The listen() function shall fail if:
EBADF The socket argument is not a valid file descriptor.
EDESTADDRREQ
The socket is not bound to a local address, and the protocol does not support listening on an unbound socket.
EINVAL The socket is already connected.
ENOTSOCK
The socket argument does not refer to a socket.
EOPNOTSUPP
The socket protocol does not support listen().
The listen() function may fail if:
EACCES The calling process does not have the appropriate privileges.
EINVAL The socket has been shut down.
ENOBUFS
Insufficient resources are available in the system to complete the call.
The following sections are informative.
EXAMPLES
None.
APPLICATION USAGE
None.
RATIONALE
None.
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
None.
SEE ALSO
accept() , connect() , socket() , the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <sys/socket.h>
COPYRIGHT
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technol-
ogy -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE
and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained
online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
IEEE
/The Open Group 2003 LISTEN(P)