vale(4) [freebsd man page]

VALE(4) 						   BSD Kernel Interfaces Manual 						   VALE(4)

NAME

     vale -- a very fast Virtual Local Ethernet using the netmap API

SYNOPSIS

     device netmap

DESCRIPTION

     vale is a feature of the netmap(4) module that implements multiple Virtual switches that can be used to interconnect netmap clients, includ-
     ing traffic sources and sinks, packet forwarders, userspace firewalls, and so on.

     vale is implemented completely in software, and is extremely fast.  On a modern machine it can move almost 20 Million packets per second
     (Mpps) per core with small frames, and about 70 Gbit/s with 1500 byte frames.

OPERATION

     vale dynamically creates switches and ports as clients connect to it using the netmap(4) API.

     vale ports are named vale[bdg:][port] where vale is the prefix indicating a VALE switch rather than a standard interface, bdg indicates a
     specific switch (the colon is a separator), and port indicates a port within the switch.  Bridge and port names are arbitrary strings, the
     only constraint being that the full name must fit within 16 characters.

     See netmap(4) for details on the API.

   LIMITS
     vale currently supports up to 4 switches, 16 ports per switch, with 1024 buffers per port.  These hard limits will be changed to sysctl vari-
     ables in future releases.

SYSCTL VARIABLES

     vale uses the following sysctl variables to control operation:

     dev.netmap.bridge	 The maximum number of packets processed internally in each iteration.	Defaults to 1024, use lower values to trade
			 latency with throughput.

     dev.netmap.verbose  Set to non-zero values to enable in-kernel diagnostics.

EXAMPLES

     Create one switch, with a traffic generator connected to one port, and a netmap-enabled tcpdump instance on another port:

	   tcpdump -ni vale-a:1 &
	   pkt-gen  -i vale-a:0 -f tx &

     Create two switches, each connected to two qemu machines on different ports.

	   qemu -net nic -net netmap,ifname=vale-1:a ... &
	   qemu -net nic -net netmap,ifname=vale-1:b ... &
	   qemu -net nic -net netmap,ifname=vale-2:c ... &
	   qemu -net nic -net netmap,ifname=vale-2:d ... &

SEE ALSO

     netmap(4)

     http://info.iet.unipi.it/~luigi/vale/

     Luigi Rizzo, Giuseppe Lettieri: VALE, a switched ethernet for virtual machines, June 2012, http://info.iet.unipi.it/~luigi/vale/

AUTHORS

     The vale switch was designed and implemented in 2012 by Luigi Rizzo and Giuseppe Lettieri at the Universita` di Pisa.

     vale was funded by the European Commission within FP7 Projects CHANGE (257422) and OPENLAB (287581).

BSD
								   July 27, 2012							       BSD

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SHOREWALL-TOS(5)						  [FIXME: manual]						  SHOREWALL-TOS(5)

NAME

       tos - Shorewall Type of Service rules file

SYNOPSIS

       /etc/shorewall/tos

DESCRIPTION

       This file defines rules for setting Type Of Service (TOS). Its use is deprecated, beginning in Shorewall 4.5.1, in favor of the TOS target
       in shorewall-tcrules[1] (5).

       The columns in the file are as follows (where the column name is followed by a different name in parentheses, the different name is used in
       the alternate specification syntax).

       SOURCE - {all|address]|all:address|$FW}
	   If all, may optionally be followed by ":" and an IP address, a MAC address, a subnet specification or the name of an interface.

	   Example: all:192.168.2.3

	   MAC addresses must be prefixed with "~" and use "-" as a separator.

	   Example: ~00-A0-C9-15-39-78

       DEST - {all|address]|all:address}
	   Example: 192.168.2.3

       PROTOCOL (proto) - proto-name-or-number
	   Protocol name or number.

       SOURCE PORT(S) (sport) - {-|port|lowport:highport}
	   Source port or port range. If all ports, use "-".

       DEST PORT(S) (dport) - {-|port|lowport:highport}
	   Destination port or port range. If all ports, use "-"

       TOS - tos
	   Must be one of the following;

		       tos-minimize-delay (16)
		       tos-maximize-throughput (8)
		       tos-maximize-reliability (4)
		       tos-minimize-cost (2)
		       tos-normal-service (0)

       MARK - [!]value[/mask][:C]
	   If you don't want to define a test but need to specify anything in the following columns, place a "-" in this field.

	   !
	       Inverts the test (not equal)

	   value
	       Value of the packet or connection mark.

	   mask
	       A mask to be applied to the mark before testing.

	   :C
	       Designates a connection mark. If omitted, the packet mark's value is tested.

FILES

       /etc/shorewall/tos

SEE ALSO

       http://shorewall.net/configuration_file_basics.htm#Pairs

       shorewall(8), shorewall-accounting(5), shorewall-actions(5), shorewall-blacklist(5), shorewall-hosts(5), shorewall_interfaces(5),
       shorewall-ipsets(5), shorewall-maclist(5), shorewall-masq(5), shorewall-nat(5), shorewall-netmap(5), shorewall-params(5),
       shorewall-policy(5), shorewall-providers(5), shorewall-proxyarp(5), shorewall-rtrules(5), shorewall-routestopped(5), shorewall-rules(5),
       shorewall.conf(5), shorewall-secmarks(5), shorewall-tcclasses(5), shorewall-tcdevices(5), shorewall-tcrules(5), shorewall-tunnels(5),
       shorewall-zones(5)

NOTES

	1. shorewall-tcrules
	   http://www.shorewall.net/manpages/shorewall-tcrules.html

[FIXME: source] 						    06/28/2012							  SHOREWALL-TOS(5)

Linux and UNIX Man Pages

vale(4) [freebsd man page]

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