WALMGR(1) WALMGR(1)
NAME
walmgr - tools for managing WAL-based replication for PostgreSQL.
SYNOPSIS
walmgr.py <config.ini> command
DESCRIPTION
It is both admin and worker script for PostgreSQL PITR replication.
QUICK START
1. Set up passwordless ssh authentication from master to slave
master$ test -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub || ssh-keygen -t dsa
master$ cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub | ssh slave cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys
2. Configure paths
master$ edit master.ini
slave$ edit slave.ini
Make sure that walmgr.py executable has same pathname on slave and master.
3. Start archival process and create a base backup
master$ ./walmgr.py master.ini setup
master$ ./walmgr.py master.ini backup
Note: starting from PostgreSQL 8.3 the archiving is enabled by setting
archive_mode GUC to on. However changing this parameter requires the
server to be restarted.
4. Prepare postgresql.conf and pg_hba.conf on slave and start replay
master$ scp $PGDATA/*.conf slave:
slave$ ./walmgr.py slave.ini restore
For debian based distributions the standard configuration files are located
in /etc/postgresql/x.x/main directory. If another scheme is used the postgresql.conf
and pg_hba.conf should be copied to slave full_backup directory. Make sure to
disable archive_command in slave config.
'walmgr.py restore' moves data in place, creates recovery.conf and starts postmaster
in recovery mode.
5. In-progress WAL segments can be backup by command:
master$ ./walmgr.py master.ini sync
6. If need to stop replay on slave and boot into normal mode, do:
slave$ ./walmgr.py slave.ini boot
GENERAL OPTIONS
Common options to all walmgr.py commands.
-h, --help
show this help message and exit
-q, --quiet
make program silent
-v, --verbose
make program more verbose
-n, --not-really
Show what would be done without actually doing anything.
MASTER COMMANDS
setup
Sets up postgres archiving, creates necessary directory structures on slave.
sync
Synchronizes in-progress WAL files to slave.
syncdaemon
Start WAL synchronization in daemon mode. This will start periodically synching the in-progress WAL files to slave.
The following parameters are used to drive the syncdaemon: loop_delay - how long to sleep between the synchs. use_xlog_functions - use
record based shipping to synchronize in-progress WAL segments.
stop
Deconfigures postgres archiving.
periodic
Runs periodic command, if configured. This enables to execute arbitrary commands on interval, useful for synchronizing scripts, config
files, crontabs etc.
listbackups
List backup sets available on slave node.
backup
Creates a new base backup from master database. Will purge expired backups and WAL files on slave if keep_backups is specified. During a
backup a lock file is created in slave completed_wals directory. This is to prevent simultaneous backups and resulting corruption. If
running backup is terminated, the BACKUPLOCK file may have to be removed manually.
restore <set> <dst>
EXPERIMENTAL. Attempts to restore the backup from slave to master.
SLAVE COMMANDS
boot
Stop log playback and bring the database up.
pause
Pauses WAL playback.
continue
Continues previously paused WAL playback.
listbackups
Lists available backups.
backup
EXPERIMENTAL. Creates a new backup from slave data. Log replay is paused, slave data directory is backed up to full_backup directory and
log replay resumed. Backups are rotated as needed. The idea is to move the backup load away from production node. Usable from postgres 8.2
and up.
restore [src][dst]
Restores the specified backup set to target directory. If specified without arguments the latest backup is moved to slave data directory
(doesn't obey retention rules). If src backup is specified the backup is copied (instead of moving). Alternative destination directory can
be specified with dst.
CONFIGURATION
Common settings
job_name
Optional. Indentifies this script, used in logging. Keep unique if using central logging.
logfile
Where to log.
use_skylog
Optional. If nonzero, skylog.ini is used for log configuration.
Master settings
pidfile
Pid file location for syncdaemon mode (if running with -d). Otherwise not required.
master_db
Database to connect to for pg_start_backup() etc. It is not a good idea to use dbname=template if running syncdaemon in record shipping
mode.
master_data
Master data directory location.
master_config
Master postgresql.conf file location. This is where archive_command gets updated.
master_restart_cmd
The command to restart master database, this used after changing archive_mode parameter. Leave unset, if you cannot afford to restart
the database at setup/stop.
slave
Slave host and base directory.
slave_config
Configuration file location for the slave walmgr.
completed_wals
Slave directory where archived WAL files are copied.
partial_wals
Slave directory where incomplete WAL files are stored.
full_backup
Slave directory where full backups are stored.
config_backup
Slave directory where configuration file backups are stored. Optional.
loop_delay
The frequency of syncdaemon updates. In record shipping mode only incremental updates are sent, so smaller interval can be used.
use_xlog_functions
Use pg_xlog functions for record based shipping (available in 8.2 and up).
compression
If nonzero, a -z flag is added to rsync cmdline. Will reduce network traffic at the cost of extra CPU time.
periodic_command
Shell script to be executed at specified time interval. Can be used for synchronizing scripts, config files etc.
command_interval
How ofter to run periodic command script. In seconds, and only evaluated at log switch times.
hot_standby ===
Boolean. If set to true, walmgr setup will set wal_level to hot_standby (9.0 and newer).
Sample master.ini
[wal-master]
logfile = master.log
pidfile = master.pid
master_db = dbname=template1
master_data = /var/lib/postgresql/8.0/main
master_config = /etc/postgresql/8.0/main/postgresql.conf
slave = slave:/var/lib/postgresql/walshipping
completed_wals = %(slave)s/logs.complete
partial_wals = %(slave)s/logs.partial
full_backup = %(slave)s/data.master
loop_delay = 10.0
use_xlog_functions = 1
compression = 1
Slave settings
slave_data
Postgres data directory for the slave. This is where the restored backup is copied/moved.
slave_config_dir
Directory for postgres configuration files. If specified, "walmgr restore" attempts to restore configuration files from config_backup
directory.
slave_stop_cmd
Script to stop postmaster on slave.
slave_start_cmd
Script to start postmaster on slave.
slave
Base directory for slave files (logs.complete, data.master etc)
slave_bin
Specifies the location of postgres binaries (pg_controldata, etc). Needed if they are not already in the PATH.
completed_wals
Directory where complete WAL files are stored. Also miscellaneous control files are created in this directory (BACKUPLOCK, STOP, PAUSE,
etc.).
partial_wals
Directory where partial WAL files are stored.
full_backup
Directory where full backups are stored.
keep_backups
Number of backups to keep. Also all WAL files needed to bring earliest
backup up to date are kept. The backups are rotated before new backup is started, so at one point there is actually one less backup
available.
It probably doesn't make sense to specify keep_backups if periodic backups are not performed - the WAL files will pile up quickly.
Backups will be named data.master, data.master.0, data.master.1 etc.
archive_command
Script to execute before rotating away the oldest backup. If it fails backups will not be rotated.
slave_pg_xlog
Set slave_pg_xlog to the directory on the slave where pg_xlog files get written to. On a restore to the slave walmgr.py will create a
symbolic link from data/pg_xlog to this location.
backup_datadir
Set backup_datadir to no to prevent walmgr.py from making a backup of the data directory when restoring to the slave. This defaults to
yes
Sample slave.ini
[wal-slave]
logfile = slave.log
slave_data = /var/lib/postgresql/8.0/main
slave_stop_cmd = /etc/init.d/postgresql-8.0 stop
slave_start_cmd = /etc/init.d/postgresql-8.0 start
slave = /var/lib/postgresql/walshipping
completed_wals = %(slave)s/logs.complete
partial_wals = %(slave)s/logs.partial
full_backup = %(slave)s/data.master
keep_backups = 5
backup_datadir = yes
03/13/2012 WALMGR(1)