lwm(1) [debian man page]
LWM(1) General Commands Manual LWM(1) NAME
lwm - Lightweight Window Manager for the X Window System SYNTAX
lwm [ -s session-id ] DESCRIPTION
Lwm is a window manager for the X Window System. It provides enough features to allow the user to manage their windows, and no more. Windows are surrounded by a frame with a titlebar at the top next to a small box. The frame is a grey colour for all windows except that which has the input focus, where it is black. In the default configuration, lwm uses the enter-to-focus scheme, where moving the pointer into a window gives that window the input focus. Lwm may also be configured to use the click-to-focus scheme, where a window must be clicked on (with any button) to receive the input focus. Clicking on a window in this mode causes the window to be raised. Note that a click used to focus a window is always swallowed by lwm, so clicking a button in a new window requires two clicks. A button 1 click on a window frame brings that window to the top. Dragging button 1 on the frame of a resizable window repositions that edge of the window. If a corner rather than an edge is dragged, then both edges forming the corner are repositioned. While you're reshaping a window, a little window pops up to show you the window's current size. In the default configuration, button 1 on the root window does nothing. Button 2 is used to drag a window by its frame, repositioning the window but maintaining its position in the window stack. In the default configuration, button 2 on the root window brings up a new shell. A button 3 click on a window frame hides that window. Pressing button 3 on the root window brings up a menu of all the hidden windows. Releasing the button while over an item will unhide the named window. A button 3 click in the frame while Shift is held down pushes the window to the back, under any other windows. (Users with 4-button mice are encouraged to use their fourth button for this function.) A click with any button inside the little white box in a window's frame can be used to close the window. OPTIONS
Lwm accepts the following command line options: -s specifies a client ID for the X Session Management system, and is used exclusively by session managers. RESOURCES
Lwm understands the following X resources: titlefont font used in window titles popupFont font used in popup window (menu/size indicator) border width in pixels of window borders button1 program spawned when button 1 is clicked on the root window button2 program spawned when button 2 is clicked on the root window focus focus mode, one of "enter" for enter-to-focus (or sloppy focus), or "click" for click-to-focus SEE ALSO
X(7) AUTHORS
Elliott Hughes <ehughes@bluearc.com>, James Carter <james@jfc.org.uk> LWM(1)
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focus(n) Tk Built-In Commands focus(n) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ NAME
focus - Manage the input focus SYNOPSIS
focus focus window focus option ?arg arg ...? _________________________________________________________________ DESCRIPTION
The focus command is used to manage the Tk input focus. At any given time, one window on each display is designated as the focus window; any key press or key release events for the display are sent to that window. It is normally up to the window manager to redirect the focus among the top-level windows of a display. For example, some window managers automatically set the input focus to a top-level window when- ever the mouse enters it; others redirect the input focus only when the user clicks on a window. Usually the window manager will set the focus only to top-level windows, leaving it up to the application to redirect the focus among the children of the top-level. Tk remembers one focus window for each top-level (the most recent descendant of that top-level to receive the focus); when the window man- ager gives the focus to a top-level, Tk automatically redirects it to the remembered window. Within a top-level Tk uses an explicit focus model by default. Moving the mouse within a top-level does not normally change the focus; the focus changes only when a widget decides explicitly to claim the focus (e.g., because of a button click), or when the user types a key such as Tab that moves the focus. The Tcl procedure tk_focusFollowsMouse may be invoked to create an implicit focus model: it reconfigures Tk so that the focus is set to a window whenever the mouse enters it. The Tcl procedures tk_focusNext and tk_focusPrev implement a focus order among the windows of a top- level; they are used in the default bindings for Tab and Shift-Tab, among other things. The focus command can take any of the following forms: focus Returns the path name of the focus window on the display containing the application's main window, or an empty string if no window in this application has the focus on that display. Note: it is better to specify the display explicitly using -displayof (see below) so that the code will work in applications using multiple displays. focus window If the application currently has the input focus on window's display, this command resets the input focus for window's display to window and returns an empty string. If the application does not currently have the input focus on window's display, window will be remembered as the focus for its top-level; the next time the focus arrives at the top-level, Tk will redirect it to window. If window is an empty string then the command does nothing. focus -displayof window Returns the name of the focus window on the display containing window. If the focus window for window's display is not in this application, the return value is an empty string. focus -force window Sets the focus of window's display to window, even if the application does not currently have the input focus for the display. This command should be used sparingly, if at all. In normal usage, an application should not claim the focus for itself; instead, it should wait for the window manager to give it the focus. If window is an empty string then the command does nothing. focus -lastfor window Returns the name of the most recent window to have the input focus among all the windows in the same top-level as window. If no window in that top-level has ever had the input focus, or if the most recent focus window has been deleted, then the name of the top-level is returned. The return value is the window that will receive the input focus the next time the window manager gives the focus to the top-level. QUIRKS
When an internal window receives the input focus, Tk does not actually set the X focus to that window; as far as X is concerned, the focus will stay on the top-level window containing the window with the focus. However, Tk generates FocusIn and FocusOut events just as if the X focus were on the internal window. This approach gets around a number of problems that would occur if the X focus were actually moved; the fact that the X focus is on the top-level is invisible unless you use C code to query the X server directly. EXAMPLE
To make a window that only participates in the focus traversal ring when a variable is set, add the following bindings to the widgets before and after it in that focus ring: button .before -text "Before" button .middle -text "Middle" button .after -text "After" checkbutton .flag -variable traverseToMiddle -takefocus 0 pack .flag -side left pack .before .middle .after bind .before <Tab> { if {!$traverseToMiddle} { focus .after break } } bind .after <Shift-Tab> { if {!$traverseToMiddle} { focus .before break } } focus .before KEYWORDS
events, focus, keyboard, top-level, window manager Tk 4.0 focus(n)