grdvolume(1) [debian man page]
GRDVOLUME(l) GRDVOLUME(l) NAME
grdvolume - Calculating volume under a surface within a contour SYNOPSIS
grdvolume grdfile [ -Ccval or -Clow/high/delta ] [ -Lbase ] [ -Rwest/east/south/north[r] ] [ -S[k] ] [ -T ] [ -V[l] ] [ -Zfact[/delta] ] DESCRIPTION
grdvolume reads a 2-D binary grd file and calculates the volume contained between the surface and the plane specified by the given contour (or zero if not given). Alternatively, specify a range of contours to be tried and grdvolume will determine the volume and area inside the contour for all contour values. The contour that produced the maximum mean height (volume/area) is reported as well. This feature may be used with grdfilter in designing an Optimal Robust Separator [Wessel, 1998]. grdfile The name of the input 2-D binary grd file. OPTIONS
No space between the option flag and the associated arguments. -C find area and volume inside the cval contour. Alternatively, search using all contours from low to high in steps of delta. [Default returns entire area and volume of grid]. The area is measured in the plane of the countour. -L Also add in the volume from the level of the contour down to base [Default base is contour]. -S Convert degrees to meters, append k for km [Default is Cartesian]. -T Use curvature minimum rather than maximum height to find best contour value (when contour search is selected with -C). -R west, east, south, and north specify the Region of interest. To specify boundaries in degrees and minutes [and seconds], use the dd:mm[:ss] format. Append r if lower left and upper right map coordinates are given instead of wesn. -V Selects verbose mode, which will send progress reports to stderr [Default runs "silently"]. Append l to see all the results for each contour level tested (when contour search has been selected). -Z Optionally subtract shift before scaling data by fact. [Default is no scaling]. (Numbers in -C, -L refer to values after this scal- ing has occurred). EXAMPLES
To determine the volume in km^3 under the surface hawaii_topo.grd (height in km), try grdvolume hawaii_topo.grd -Sk To find the volume between the surface peaks.grd and the contour z = 250, use grdvolume peaks.grd -Sk -C250 To search for the contour, between 100 and 300 in steps of 10, that maximizes the ratio of volume to surface area for the file peaks.grd, use grdvolume peaks.grd -Sk -C100/300/10 > results.d To see the areas and volumes for all the countours in the previous example, try grdvolume peaks.grd -Sk -Vl -C100/300/10 > results.d SEE ALSO
gmt(1gmt), grdfilter(1gmt) REFERENCES
Wessel, P., 1998, An empirical method for optimal robust regional-residual separation of geophysical data, Math. Geol., 30(4), 391-408. 1 Jan 2004 GRDVOLUME(l)
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GRDTREND(l) GRDTREND(l) NAME
grdtrend - Fit and/or remove a polynomial trend in a grd file SYNOPSIS
grdtrend grdfile -Nn_model[r] [ -Ddiff.grd ] [ -Ttrend.grd ] [ -V ] [ -Wweight.grd ] DESCRIPTION
grdtrend reads a 2-D gridded file and fits a low-order polynomial trend to these data by [optionally weighted] least-squares. The trend surface is defined by: m1 + m2*x + m3*y + m4*x*y + m5*x*x + m6*y*y + m7*x*x*x + m8*x*x*y + m9*x*y*y + m10*y*y*y. The user must specify -Nn_model, the number of model parameters to use; thus, -N4 fits a bilinear trend, -N6 a quadratic surface, and so on. Optionally, append r to the -N option to perform a robust fit. In this case, the program will iteratively reweight the data based on a robust scale estimate, in order to converge to a solution insensitive to outliers. This may be handy when separating a "regional" field from a "residual" which should have non-zero mean, such as a local mountain on a regional surface. If data file has values set to NaN, these will be ignored during fitting; if output files are written, these will also have NaN in the same locations. No space between the option flag and the associated arguments. grdfile The name of a 2-D binary grd file. -N [r]n_model sets the number of model parameters to fit. Prepend r for robust fit. OPTIONS
No space between the option flag and the associated arguments. -D Write the difference (input data - trend) to the file diff.grd. -T Write the fitted trend to the file trend.grd. -V Selects verbose mode, which will send progress reports to stderr [Default runs "silently"]. -W If weight.grd exists, it will be read and used to solve a weighted least-squares problem. [Default: Ordinary least-squares fit.] If the robust option has been selected, the weights used in the robust fit will be written to weight.grd. REMARKS
The domain of x and y will be shifted and scaled to [-1, 1] and the basis functions are built from Legendre polynomials. These have a numerical advantage in the form of the matrix which must be inverted and allow more accurate solutions. NOTE: The model parameters listed with -V are Legendre polynomial coefficients; they are not numerically equivalent to the m#s in the equation described above. The descrip- tion above is to allow the user to match -N with the order of the polynomial surface. EXAMPLES
To remove a planar trend from hawaii_topo.grd and write result in hawaii_residual.grd, try grdtrend hawaii_topo.grd -N3 -Dhawaii_residual.grd To do a robust fit of a bicubic surface to hawaii_topo.grd, writing the result in hawaii_trend.grd and the weights used in hawaii_weight.grd, and reporting the progress, try grdtrend hawaii_topo.grd -Nr10 -Thawaii_trend.grd -Whawaii_weight.grd -V SEE ALSO
gmt(1gmt), grdfft(1gmt), grdfilter(1gmt) 1 Jan 2004 GRDTREND(l)