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Special Forums IP Networking New network bandwidth requirements Post 302824179 by DGPickett on Thursday 20th of June 2013 10:01:33 AM
Old 06-20-2013
Parkinson's law: need expands to consume excess resources.

Companies like Akamai make a good living ensuring your static web hits are filled from relatively local cache servers.

Good architectural design has to deal with:
  • having a soft saturation, so throughput goes up to saturation and then excess load is shedded in a least-lost-value basis, like newest clients lower in priority than older clients (deeper into transaction process).
  • avoiding negative saturation behaviors like overloaded Ethernet, which actually slows down due to collisions creating lost time on wire. Positive saturation behavior means the higher the overload, the more efficient the process. Requests can be sorted to they have higher locality of reference. Sometimes, requests for the same file can be mbone multicast as one. Sorting by disk position means shorter seeks.
  • flow control mechanisms allow services beyond capacity to be queued for eventual fulfillment, but service cancellation is quickly forearded to the server. The bad behaviors are thing like sending service requests every n seconds until a reply is received, consuming precious bandwidth and cluttering the server with cancelled, redundant, prior requests. Some routers can stifle keep-alive traffic, say from tcp connections of queued services, so they do not drag down net speed.
 

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nfs2_nra(5)							File Formats Manual						       nfs2_nra(5)

NAME
nfs2_nra - control the number of read-ahead operations queued by the NFS version 2 client when sequentially accessing a file VALUES
Failsafe Default Allowed values Recommended values A warning will be issued at runtime if the tunable is set to a value greater than 16 since this is beyond the tested limit. This is not a serious warning but just an information message for the administrator. DESCRIPTION
controls the number of read-ahead operations that are queued by the NFS version 2 client when sequential access to a file is discovered. These read-ahead operations increase concurrency and read throughput. Each read-ahead request is generally for 8192 bytes of file data. Who Is Expected to Change This Tunable? The distributed file system administrator should examine this value depending on network bandwidth and memory pressure on the client. Restrictions on Changing The tunable is dynamic; tuning will take effect immediately on the running system. When Should the Value of This Tunable Be Raised? If the network is very high bandwidth and the client and server have sufficient resources, increase this value to more effectively utilize the available network bandwidth, the client resources, and the server resources. What Are the Side Effects of Raising the Value? Tuning incorrectly based on network bandwidth can cause performance problems. When Should the Value of This Tunable Be Lowered? In a very low bandwidth network, you might want to decrease this value so the NFS client does not overload the network. What Are the Side Effects of Lowering the Value? Tuning incorrectly based on network bandwidth can cause performance problems. WARNINGS
All HP-UX kernel tunable parameters are release specific. This parameter may be removed or have its meaning changed in future releases of HP-UX. Installation of optional kernel software, from HP or other vendors, may cause changes to tunable parameter values. After installation, some tunable parameters may no longer be at the default or recommended values. For information about the effects of installation on tun- able values, consult the documentation for the kernel software being installed. For information about optional kernel software that was factory installed on your system, see at AUTHOR
was developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. SEE ALSO
kctune(1M), sam(1M), gettune(2), settune(2), nfs3_nra(5), nfs4_nra(5), values(5). Tunable Kernel Parameters nfs2_nra(5)
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