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Homework and Emergencies Homework & Coursework Questions Processes Lab Post 302778209 by bakunin on Sunday 10th of March 2013 05:17:17 AM
Old 03-10-2013
Your solutions are correct to the point that they are working. The following is just a bit of additional information you might find useful. I noticed, that you have no solution for question 2.7, probably an oversight?

RudiC is correct: "kill -9" means the OS actively terminates the process. "kill -15" on the other hand tells the process to shut down immediately. In your case this will not make that much difference, but if a process has open temporary files or logs to be written, or any other allocated resources, "kill -15" will allow it to neatly close all these before exiting while "kill -9" will leave all these open and hanging in limbo.

I don't know which shell you use, but most probably it is either bash or ksh. In both cases you can make use of the job control of this shell: issue "jobs" to see a list of jobs in the background and use "kill %<number>" instead of "kill <PID>" to address the process.

The "kill" command can take a list of PIDs to process. Instead of

Code:
kill -9 <PID1>
kill -9 <PID2>
kill -9 <PID3>
...

it is posssible to write

Code:
kill -9 <PID1> <PID2> <PID3> ...

I hope this helps.

bakunin
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KILL(1)                                                            User Commands                                                           KILL(1)

NAME
kill - send a signal to a process SYNOPSIS
kill [options] <pid> [...] DESCRIPTION
The default signal for kill is TERM. Use -l or -L to list available signals. Particularly useful signals include HUP, INT, KILL, STOP, CONT, and 0. Alternate signals may be specified in three ways: -9, -SIGKILL or -KILL. Negative PID values may be used to choose whole process groups; see the PGID column in ps command output. A PID of -1 is special; it indicates all processes except the kill process itself and init. OPTIONS
<pid> [...] Send signal to every <pid> listed. -<signal> -s <signal> --signal <signal> Specify the signal to be sent. The signal can be specified by using name or number. The behavior of signals is explained in sig- nal(7) manual page. -l, --list [signal] List signal names. This option has optional argument, which will convert signal number to signal name, or other way round. -L, --table List signal names in a nice table. NOTES Your shell (command line interpreter) may have a built-in kill command. You may need to run the command described here as /bin/kill to solve the conflict. EXAMPLES
kill -9 -1 Kill all processes you can kill. kill -l 11 Translate number 11 into a signal name. kill -L List the available signal choices in a nice table. kill 123 543 2341 3453 Send the default signal, SIGTERM, to all those processes. SEE ALSO
kill(2), killall(1), nice(1), pkill(1), renice(1), signal(7), skill(1) STANDARDS
This command meets appropriate standards. The -L flag is Linux-specific. AUTHOR
Albert Cahalan <albert@users.sf.net> wrote kill in 1999 to replace a bsdutils one that was not standards compliant. The util-linux one might also work correctly. REPORTING BUGS
Please send bug reports to <procps@freelists.org> procps-ng October 2011 KILL(1)
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