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Full Discussion: DISPLAY Environment Variable
Top Forums UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers DISPLAY Environment Variable Post 302433753 by fpmurphy on Wednesday 30th of June 2010 11:18:59 AM
Old 06-30-2010
From a X(7) man page:

Quote:
From the user's perspective, every X server has a display name of the form:

hostname:displaynumber.screennumber

This information is used by the application to determine how it should connect to the server and which screen it should use by default (on displays with multiple monitors):

hostname
The hostname specifies the name of the machine to which the display is physically connected. If the hostname is not given, the most efficient way of communicating to a server on the same machine will be used.
displaynumber
The phrase "display" is usually used to refer to collection of monitors that share a common keyboard and pointer (mouse, tablet, etc.). Most workstations tend to only have one keyboard, and therefore, only one display. Larger, multi-user systems, however, frequently have several displays so that more than one person can be doing graphics work at once. To avoid confusion, each display on a machine is assigned a display number (beginning at 0) when the X server for that display is started. The display number must always be given in a display name.
screennumber
Some displays share a single keyboard and pointer among two or more monitors. Since each monitor has its own set of windows, each screen is assigned a screen number (beginning at 0) when the X server for that display is started. If the screen number is not given, screen 0 will be used.
Note that an IP address can be used instead of a hostname.
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XOpenDisplay(3X11)						     MIT X11R4							XOpenDisplay(3X11)

Name
       XOpenDisplay, XCloseDisplay - connect or disconnect to X server

Syntax
       Display *XOpenDisplay(display_name)
	  char *display_name;

       XCloseDisplay(display)
	  Display *display;

Arguments
       display	 Specifies the connection to the X server.

       display_name
		 Specifies the hardware display name, which determines the display and communications domain to be used.  On a POSIX system, if
		 the display_name is NULL, it defaults to the value of the DISPLAY environment variable.

Description
       The function returns a structure that serves as the connection to the X server and that contains all the information about that X server.
       connects your application to the X server through TCP or DECnet communications protocols, or through some local inter-process communication
       protocol.  If the hostname is a host machine name and a single colon (:) separates the hostname and display number, connects using TCP
       streams.  If the hostname is not specified, Xlib uses whatever it believes is the fastest transport.  If the hostname is a host machine
       name and a double colon (::) separates the hostname and display number, connects using DECnet.  A single X server can support any or all of
       these transport mechanisms simultaneously.  A particular Xlib implementation can support many more of these transport mechanisms.

       If successful, returns a pointer to a structure, which is defined in If does not succeed, it returns NULL.  After a successful call to all
       of the screens in the display can be used by the client.  The screen number specified in the display_name argument is returned by the macro
       (or the function).  You can access elements of the and structures only by using the information macros or functions.  For information about
       using macros and functions to obtain information from the structure, see section 2.2.1 in X Window System: The Complete Reference, Second
       Edition, Robert W. Scheifler and James Gettys.

       The function closes the connection to the X server for the display specified in the structure and destroys all windows, resource IDs and or
       other resources that the client has created on this display, unless the close-down mode of the resource has been changed (see Therefore,
       these windows, resource IDs, and other resources should never be referenced again or an error will be generated.  Before exiting, you
       should call explicitly so that any pending errors are reported as performs a final operation.

       can generate a error.

See Also
       AllPlanes(3X11), XFlush(3X11), XSetCloseDownMode(3X11)
       X Window System: The Complete Reference, Second Edition, Robert W. Scheifler and James Gettys

																XOpenDisplay(3X11)
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