01-19-2010
Try using /bin/echo when you want to process escape characters such as \n.
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I have an old file originally created in vi but read and saved by a word processor at some point.
I have ^Ms and know how to substitute them for anything I wish but I still only have one long line when viewed in vi.
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dear all:
maybe i have a file like :
12
34
56
78
end
how do write can i replace newline into NA :
make the file inte :
12
NA
34
NA
56
78
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hi,
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hi,
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Bit of a weird one i suppose, i want to use an echo inside an echo... For example...
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echo `echo ` doesn't echoes anything. And it's logic. But
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Hello!
I am able to do this in bash, using:
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LEARN ABOUT OPENSOLARIS
escape
escape(1) Mail Avenger 0.8.3 escape(1)
NAME
escape - escape shell special characters in a string
SYNOPSIS
escape string
DESCRIPTION
escape prepends a "" character to all shell special characters in string, making it safe to compose a shell command with the result.
EXAMPLES
The following is a contrived example showing how one can unintentionally end up executing the contents of a string:
$ var='; echo gotcha!'
$ eval echo hi $var
hi
gotcha!
$
Using escape, one can avoid executing the contents of $var:
$ eval echo hi `escape "$var"`
hi ; echo gotcha!
$
A less contrived example is passing arguments to Mail Avenger bodytest commands containing possibly unsafe environment variables. For
example, you might write a hypothetical reject_bcc script to reject mail not explicitly addressed to the recipient:
#!/bin/sh
formail -x to -x cc -x resent-to -x resent-cc
| fgrep "$1" > /dev/null
&& exit 0
echo "<$1>.. address does not accept blind carbon copies"
exit 100
To invoke this script, passing it the recipient address as an argument, you would need to put the following in your Mail Avenger rcpt
script:
bodytest reject_bcc `escape "$RECIPIENT"`
SEE ALSO
avenger(1),
The Mail Avenger home page: <http://www.mailavenger.org/>.
BUGS
escape is designed for the Bourne shell, which is what Mail Avenger scripts use. escape might or might not work with other shells.
AUTHOR
David Mazieres
Mail Avenger 0.8.3 2012-04-05 escape(1)