If you have unix Process Accounting running there is a whole suite of
supplied scripts to record data and find historic details of processes.
For an overview see:

man acct
man acctcms
man acctcom

Setting up unix Process Accounting from scratch is not trivial. On a busy
system it can need very large amounts of disc space and become a significant
load on your system itself.

If you are running a database engine such as Oracle, I/O statistics can
usually be obtained from the database engine.