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Full Discussion: ksh pattern matching
Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting ksh pattern matching Post 302165978 by drl on Sunday 10th of February 2008 08:43:03 AM
Old 02-10-2008
Hi.

The newer shells, ksh and bash, have a lot of syntactical elements that are easily confused with one another.

The "Pattern Substitution Operators" syntax:
Code:
${variable_name}

can have a number of substitution operations with #, %, etc. They use the meta-characters, *, [], and ? -- page 123 ff, Learning the Korn Shell, 2nd Edition ("LTKS").

The "Patterns and Regular Expression" syntax uses:
Code:
*(exp), ?(exp), !(exp) ...

which correspond to the usual syntax we find in grep, etc:
Code:
grep "e*" ...

These patterns could be used within double brackets, for example:
Code:
if [[ $var == *!(e)* ]]

but not with string operator syntax (as far as I know) -- page 113 ff, 144 ff.

The ksh I use (pdksh, even on Solaris) notes a bad substitution for what I think is the right thing, but bash does it correctly in my opinion. Here's an example:
Code:
#!/bin/bash -
#!/bin/ksh -

# @(#) s1       Demonstrate string operators.

echo "(Versions displayed with local utility \"version\")"
version >/dev/null 2>&1 && version =o $(_eat $0 $1)

var='String operators rule!'
echo
echo " Replace e with _:"
echo ${var//e/_}

echo
echo " Replace everything except e with _:"
echo ${var//[^e]/_}

exit 0

Producing:
Code:
% ./s1
(Versions displayed with local utility "version")
Linux 2.6.11-x1
GNU bash 2.05b.0

 Replace e with _:
String op_rators rul_!

 Replace everything except e with _:
_________e__________e_

Perhaps someone will stop by with a better explanation or a better suggestion ... cheers, drl
 

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LEARN ABOUT CENTOS

locale::codes::langfam

Locale::Codes::LangFam(3)				User Contributed Perl Documentation				 Locale::Codes::LangFam(3)

NAME

       Locale::Codes::LangFam - standard codes for language extension identification

SYNOPSIS

	  use Locale::Codes::LangFam;

	  $lext = code2langfam('apa');		       # $lext gets 'Apache languages'
	  $code = langfam2code('Apache languages');    # $code gets 'apa'

	  @codes   = all_langfam_codes();
	  @names   = all_langfam_names();

DESCRIPTION

       The "Locale::Codes::LangFam" module provides access to standard codes used for identifying language families, such as those as defined in
       ISO 639-5.

       Most of the routines take an optional additional argument which specifies the code set to use. If not specified, the default ISO 639-5
       language family codes will be used.

SUPPORTED CODE SETS

       There are several different code sets you can use for identifying language families. A code set may be specified using either a name, or a
       constant that is automatically exported by this module.

       For example, the two are equivalent:

	  $lext = code2langfam('apa','alpha');
	  $lext = code2langfam('apa',LOCALE_LANGFAM_ALPHA);

       The codesets currently supported are:

       alpha
	   This is the set of three-letter (lowercase) codes from ISO 639-5 such as 'apa' for Apache languages.

	   This is the default code set.

ROUTINES

       code2langfam ( CODE [,CODESET] )
       langfam2code ( NAME [,CODESET] )
       langfam_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 )
       all_langfam_codes ( [CODESET] )
       all_langfam_names ( [CODESET] )
       Locale::Codes::LangFam::rename_langfam  ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] )
       Locale::Codes::LangFam::add_langfam  ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] )
       Locale::Codes::LangFam::delete_langfam  ( CODE [,CODESET] )
       Locale::Codes::LangFam::add_langfam_alias  ( NAME ,NEW_NAME )
       Locale::Codes::LangFam::delete_langfam_alias  ( NAME )
       Locale::Codes::LangFam::rename_langfam_code  ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] )
       Locale::Codes::LangFam::add_langfam_code_alias  ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] )
       Locale::Codes::LangFam::delete_langfam_code_alias  ( CODE [,CODESET] )
	   These routines are all documented in the Locale::Codes::API man page.

SEE ALSO

       Locale::Codes
	   The Locale-Codes distribution.

       Locale::Codes::API
	   The list of functions supported by this module.

       http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-5/id.php
	   ISO 639-5 .

AUTHOR

       See Locale::Codes for full author history.

       Currently maintained by Sullivan Beck (sbeck@cpan.org).

COPYRIGHT

	  Copyright (c) 2011-2013 Sullivan Beck

       This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

perl v5.16.3							    2013-02-27						 Locale::Codes::LangFam(3)
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