07-16-2002
Hopefully this isn't homework - I checked and it seems like you answer questions with knowledge about UNIX so it would seem you are just asking a question.
So,
Example 1:
lan0 has number 192.168.0.1 and 192.168.0.2
One possible reason to have this - one address is used for ftp, one is used for mail (different names in dns). Otherwise, it seems to be a waste of an IP.
Example 2:
lan0 has 192.168.0.1
lan1 has 192.168.0.2
Same reasoning as Example one just that it has two interfaces.
Another possible reason - I have heard of having all inbound traffic on one interface and all outbound on another (don't remember why)
Example 3: /etc/hosts file:
192.168.0.1 cheetah.bigcats.com cheetah giga
192.168.0.2 cheetah.bigcats.com cheetah hundred
Setting both to cheetah.bigcats.com - why? I could see if they were set up as giga-cheetah.bigcats.com and hundred-cheetah.bigcats.com, but they should not have the same name - can't think of a reason to do that.
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LEARN ABOUT FREEBSD
nos-tun
NOS-TUN(8) BSD System Manager's Manual NOS-TUN(8)
NAME
nos-tun -- implement ``nos'' or ``ka9q'' style IP over IP tunnel
SYNOPSIS
nos-tun -t tunnel -s source -d destination -p protocol_number [source] target
DESCRIPTION
The nos-tun utility is used to establish an nos style tunnel, (also known as ka9q or IP-IP tunnel) using a tun(4) kernel interface.
Tunnel is the name of the tunnel device /dev/tun0 for example.
Source and destination are the addresses used on the tunnel device. If you configure the tunnel against a cisco router, use a netmask of
``255.255.255.252'' on the cisco. This is because the tunnel is a point-to-point interface in the FreeBSD end, a concept cisco does not
really implement.
Protocol number sets tunnel mode. Original KA9Q NOS uses 94 but many people use 4 on the worldwide backbone of ampr.org.
Target is the address of the remote tunnel device, this must match the source address set on the remote end.
EXAMPLES
This end, a FreeBSD box on address 192.168.59.34:
nos-tun -t /dev/tun0 -s 192.168.61.1 -d 192.168.61.2 192.168.56.45
Remote cisco on address 192.168.56.45:
interface tunnel 0
ip address 192.168.61.2 255.255.255.252
tunnel mode nos
tunnel destination 192.168.59.34
tunnel source 192.168.56.45
AUTHORS
Nickolay N. Dudorov <nnd@itfs.nsk.su> wrote the program, Poul-Henning Kamp <phk@FreeBSD.org> wrote the man-page. Isao SEKI
<iseki@gongon.com> added a new flag, IP protocol number.
BUGS
We do not allow for setting our source address for multihomed machines.
BSD
April 11, 1998 BSD