07-16-2002
Hopefully this isn't homework - I checked and it seems like you answer questions with knowledge about UNIX so it would seem you are just asking a question.
So,
Example 1:
lan0 has number 192.168.0.1 and 192.168.0.2
One possible reason to have this - one address is used for ftp, one is used for mail (different names in dns). Otherwise, it seems to be a waste of an IP.
Example 2:
lan0 has 192.168.0.1
lan1 has 192.168.0.2
Same reasoning as Example one just that it has two interfaces.
Another possible reason - I have heard of having all inbound traffic on one interface and all outbound on another (don't remember why)
Example 3: /etc/hosts file:
192.168.0.1 cheetah.bigcats.com cheetah giga
192.168.0.2 cheetah.bigcats.com cheetah hundred
Setting both to cheetah.bigcats.com - why? I could see if they were set up as giga-cheetah.bigcats.com and hundred-cheetah.bigcats.com, but they should not have the same name - can't think of a reason to do that.
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
vlan-interfaces
VLAN-INTERFACES(5) File formats VLAN-INTERFACES(5)
NAME
/etc/network/interfaces (vlan) - vlan extensions for the interfaces(5) file format
DESCRIPTION
/etc/network/interfaces contains network interface configuration information for the ifup(8) and ifdown(8) commands. This manpage
describes the vlan extensions to the standard interfaces(5) file format.
Primary extensions exist to make and destroy vlan interfaces, secondary extensions exist for ipv4 interface manipulation which are gener-
ally needed when using (a lot of) vlans.
VLAN CREATION
Vlan interface definitions exist of the vlan interface name, and an optional 'raw-device' parameter. Vlan interfaces are numbered 1 to
4095. You have the option to have interface names zero-padded to 4 numbers, or just the plain digits without leading zero. The following
example shows four ways to create a vlan with id 1 on interface eth0. They all result in different names.
iface eth0.1 inet static
address 192.168.1.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
iface vlan1 inet static
vlan-raw-device eth0
address 192.168.1.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
iface eth0.0001 inet static
address 192.168.1.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
iface vlan0001 inet static
vlan-raw-device eth0
address 192.168.1.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
# We don't have br support out of the box
iface br0.2 inet static
vlan-raw-device br0
address 192.168.1.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
# Aliases are ignored
iface br0.2:1 inet static
address 192.168.1.1
netmask 255.255.255.255
EXTRA IFACE OPTIONS
Usually someone who uses vlans also wants to do some other manipulations with the ip stack or interface.
vlan-raw-device devicename
Indicates the device to create the vlan on. This is ignored when the devicename is part of the vlan interface name.
ip-proxy-arp 0|1
Turn proxy-arp off or on for this specific interface. This also works on plain ethernet like devices.
ip-rp-filter 0|1|2
Set the return path filter for this specific interface. This also works on plain ethernet like devices.
hw-mac-address mac-address
This sets the mac address of the interface before bringing it up. This works on any device that allows setting the hardware address
with the ip command.
AUTHOR
This manpage was adapted from interfaces(5) by Ard van Breemen <ard@kwaak.net>
SEE ALSO
vconfig(8) interfaces(5)
vlan September 30 2007 VLAN-INTERFACES(5)